Abstract: Objective To understand the sanitary status of direct drinking water for schools,analyze the existing problems,and to provide reference for exploring supervision countermeasures for sanitary management.Methods A total of 315 direct drinking water systems and 108 schools in five districts of Shanghai were investigated.Sanitary management status and water quality situation of direct drinking water were investigated and assessed by the Basic Requirements for Construction and Maintenance of Direct Drinking Water Project in Middle and Primary Schools of Shanghai and the Water Quality Standards for Fine Drinking Water(CJ 94 -2005).Results Among the 108 schools investigated,lack of instructions on the use of direct drinking water systems was the main problem existing in the sanitary management.The qualified rate of 315 direct drinking water was 63.8%.Ultrafiltration water treatment process equipment owned the highest qualified rate in water samples(71.5%,153/214).Factors such as brand of direct drinking water equipment,raw water category,the direction of water inlet pipe network,surrounding pollution and the disinfection equipment all affected the detection result of water quality(x2 =62.90,12.25,11.14,9.05,6.34,P<0.05).Conclusion Sanitary risks are identified in direct drinking water in some schools in Shanghai.Schools should strictly implement the Basic Requirements for Construction and Maintenance of Direct Drinking Water Project in Middle and Primary Schools of Shanghai.Health and Family Planning Commission should strengthen supervision,inspection and guidance,and take effective measures to ensure the safety of drinking water for students.