Abstract: Objective To examine the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular disease among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia,and to provide the referece for making strategies to prevent and control the cardiovascular disease.Methods A total of 1 990 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years selected from Yinchuan of Ningxia were offered a cross-sectional survey in 2015.All subjects completed the questionnaire,anthropometry and laboratory examination.Results The prevalence of ideal total cholesterol status was the highest (94.4%) and ideal healthy diet status was the lowest (32.1%) among the population.Girls had lower proportion of ideal physical active status(41.8%) than boys'(52.5%),but higher proportion of ideal smoking,BMI,blood pressure and fasting glucose status(91.10%%,81.30%%,67.60%%,90.80%) when compared with boys(81.30%,70.60%,60.90%,85.30%) (x2 =91.23,34.63,10.11,13.92,P<0.01).Children aged 6-11 years showed significantly higher prevalence of ideal smoking and fasting glucose status(96.4%,88.0%),while lower proportion of ideal BMI,blood pressure and healthy diet status as compared with children aged 12-18 years,respectively(71.6%,62.4%,21.8% vs 77.2%,65.8%,35.8%).The subjects with seven ideal CVH among children and adolescent were only 7.6%.Boys had significantly lower score of ideal CVH when compared with girls (27.3% vs 35.4%;x2 =23.818,P<0.05).Conclusion A lower prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health was observed among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia.Effective intervention programs need to be taken to promote cardiovascular health especially for children and adolescents in Yinchuan.