Abstract: Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics of injury and its influence factors among primary school students in Pudong district of Shanghai city,thus to provide a scientific reference for making effective prevention measures.Methods Random stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the injuries among 6 093 primary school students in Shanghai,Pudong New Area,and the incidence and influence factors of injury in the past one year among the students were studied.Results The incidence of injury among primary school students was 22.99%.The incidence rate of male students(24.86%) was higher than that of female (21.03%),the difference was statistically significant(x2 =12.640,P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the distribution of injury among different ages(x2 =2.084,2.972,P>0.05).The main injury types were falling (14.21%),collision/crush (7.41%) and sharp injury (2.64%).The injury,accounting for 61.24%,occurred mainly in May and July to October.Home and school were the most common places where the injury occurred,accounting for 34.84% and 27.11%,respectively.On the other hand injury usually occurred on lower limbs(37.93%) and fingers/toes(21.11%).The unconditional Logistic regression showed that the risk factors were the only child in the family,fighting on campus frequently,being punished by corporal punishment and often talking about injuries by their parents(OR=1.238,1.217,1.381,1.144,1.336,P<0.01).Parents' putting the study pressure on their children,and often instructing children to pay attention to safety in school could prevent injury effectively(OR=0.609,0.764,P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of injury among primary school students in Pudong New Area is high,and intervention measures should be taken for the main types of injury such as fall.Parents' attention to injury problems and safety education for their children can prevent injuries effectively.