摘要:
探究1985-2014年黑龙江省7~18岁中小学生呼吸功能的变化趋势,为体育教研工作提供依据.方法 利用1985-2014年全国学生体质与健康调查数据,分为城男、城女、乡男、乡女4个类别对黑龙江省7~ 18岁中小学生的肺活量和肺活量体重指数(Vital Capacity-weight Index,VCWI)数据进行分析.结果 1985-2014年的29年间,城男各年龄组VCWI数值均下降(P值均<0.01),平均下降16.15 mL/kg,肺活量平均下降76.08 mL;城女各年龄组肺活量和VCWI均下降(P值均<0.01),肺活量平均下降204.83 mL,VCWI平均下降14.33 mL/kg;乡男各年龄组VCWI数值均下降(P值均<0.01),VCWI平均下降15.48mL/kg,肺活量平均下降88.27 mL;乡女各年龄组肺活量和VCWI均下降(P值均<0.01),肺活量平均下降240.19 mL,VCWI平均下降14.37mL/kg.1985-2005年,肺活量与VCWI持续下降,自2010年开始开始呈现缓慢上升趋势.结论 黑龙江地区7~18岁中小学生呼吸功能不容乐观,尤其是城市地区和男生群体,需采取有效措施提升学生的呼吸功能.
关键词:
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呼吸 /
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生长和发育 /
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肺活量 /
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青少年
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the trends of pulmonary function among youth aged 7-18 in Heilongjiang province from 1985 to 2014,and to provide evidence for health promotion.Methods Data were collected from National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health (1985 to 2014).Vital capacity and vital capacity-weight index was analyzed among urban boys and girls,as well as rural boys and girls.Results From 1985 to 2014,the vital capacity-weight index among urban boys decreased by 16.15 mL/kg and vital capacity decreased by 76.08 mL;the figures were 14.33 mL/kg and 204.83 mL among urban girls,15.48 mL/kg and 88.27 mL among rural boys,14.37 mL/kg and 240.19 mL among rural girls.In general,pulmonary function showed significant decreasing trend from 1985 to 2005 and slightly increasing trend from 2010 to 2014.Conclusion Over the past three decades,pulmonary function among 7-18 year-old students in Heilongjiang province shows decreasing trends,especially in urban area and boys.Comprehension and effective measures should be taken into action.
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