摘要:
了解常州市大气污染对小学生患病情况和肺功能的影响,为采取有效措施控制疾病发生及改善肺功能提供参考.方法 在常州市武进区随机选择1所小学,按整群随机抽样的方法选取小学三至五年级共634名学生,对研究对象开展问卷调查和肺功能检测,结合环境监测的结果,分析雾霾天气对小学生患病情况及肺功能的影响.结果 雾霾当天共有99人次患相关疾病,其中以呼吸系统疾病为主(63人次,占63.6%),其次为感染性疾病(16人次,占16.2%);雾霾日小学生的肺功能指标中的用力肺活量(FVC)、1s用力呼吸量(FEV1)、呼气峰值流速(PEF),75%FVC时的用力呼气流量(V75)[(1.68±0.44)L,(1.60±0.40)L,(2.86±1.10) L/s,(2.66±1.11)L]水平均低于非霾日[(1.48±0.49)L,(1.40±0.42)L,(2.26± 1.01) L/s,(1.99±1.04)L],差异均具有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).结论 大气污染与小学生患病人数增加和肺功能下降有一定关联.应采取有效措施改善空气质量.
关键词:
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空气污染物 /
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肺 /
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患病率 /
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学生
Abstract:
Objective To understand the impact of air pollution on the sickness status and pulmonary function of primary school students,and to provide a reference for taking effective measures to control diseases and improve their pulmonary function.Methods A total of 634 primary students of grade 3 to 5 were selected by cluster random sampling method from a primary school in Wujin District of Changzhou.Questionnaires and pulmonary function tests were performed on the selected subjects.Combined with the results of environmental monitoring,we analyzed the influence of haze weather on the health of primary school students.Results Haze day,a total of 99 people suffering from related diseases,including respiratary diseases mainly(63 people,accounting for 63.6%) and PM2.5,PM10,CO and the number of patients in primary school studentswere more correlated.FVC,FEV1,PEF,V75 (1.68±0.44,1.60±0.40,2.86± 1.10,2.66± 1.11) were significantly lower in hazy day than those of non-haze day (1.48±0.49,1.40±0.42,2.26± 1.01,1.99± 1.(4),the differences were of statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusion Air pollution is associated with the increase of the number of patients and the decrease of lung function.Effective measures should be taken to improve air quality.
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