摘要:
了解藏族地区小学生卫生行为现状以及重要他人对其的影响,为改善藏区小学生卫生行为提供科学依据.方法 借鉴综合行为理论的感知规范维度设计问卷,对分层随机整群抽取阿坝州马尔康市6所小学的714名学生进行问卷调查.结果 小学生喝生水比例为89.6%,餐前不洗手的比例为69.3%.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,同伴在他人期望、遵从动机、示范性规范3个方面对小学生卫生行为影响均有统计学意义(对于喝生水与吃东西前洗手,OR值分别为2.356,0.522;2.854,0.595;0.343,0.536,P值均<0.05);家长在示范性规范方面对小学生卫生行为影响有统计学意义(OR值分别为0.252,0.232,P值均<0.05);教师仅在遵从动机方面对小学生喝生水行为影响有统计学意义(OR=5.005,P<0.05).结论 藏区小学生卫生行为状况较差,家长、教师、同伴对小学生卫生行为有重要影响;应当充分利用重要他人的影响力,促进小学生卫生行为的改善.
关键词:
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行为 /
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卫生 /
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因素分析 /
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统计学 /
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学生
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the hygiene behaviors of primary school pupils in Tibetan areas,and to explore the influence of significant others on the hygiene behaviors of primary school pupils in Tibetan areas so that to provide a scientific reference for improving their hygiene behaviors.Methods A designed questionnaire referring to perceptual normative dimension of integrated behavioral model was offered to 714 pupils in 6 primary schools in Maerkang,Aba Autonomous prefecture selected by stratified random cluster sampling method.Results About 89.6% of the pupils drank unboiled water,69.3% of the pupils didn't wash hands before eating;Multivariate analysis showed that partners had significantly influenced the hygiene behaviors of pupils in other expectations,compliance motivation and descriptive norm(P<0.05).Parents had significantly influenced the hygiene behaviors of pupils in descriptive norm(P<0.05).Teachers had significantly influenced the pupils' behavior of drinking unboiled water in terms of motive.Conclusion The hygiene behaviors of primary school pupils in Tibetan areas remain to be improved.Parents,teachers and partners have significant impacts on the hygiene behaviors of pupils.It is necessary to improve pupils' hygiene behavior by using the influence of significant others.
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