摘要:
分析广州市城区学龄儿童家庭电子产品拥有情况及视屏时间与体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的关系,为减少儿童久坐行为的家庭策略提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市5个城区29所小学的9 260名一~五年级小学生进行体格检查,对学生家长进行问卷调查.分析小学生家庭电子产品拥有率及平均每天视屏时间,采用Spearman相关分析家庭电子产品拥有率与儿童视屏时间、BMI的关系.结果 广州市7~12岁儿童超重肥胖率为18.84%,家庭电视、影像/DVD播放机、无网络计算机、连接网络计算机的拥有率分别为96.22%,69.21%,33.01%,76.19%,公办学校学生家庭4类电子产品拥有率均高于民办学校学生家庭(x2值分别为174.280,312.444,53.918,644.181,P值均<0.01).儿童每天看电视、录像和DVD时间中位数为1.60 h,玩计算机游戏时间为0.50 h.民办学校儿童看电视等及玩计算机游戏的时间均高于公办学校儿童(Z值分别为14.802,6.852,P值均<0.01);男生每天看电视等及玩计算机游戏的时间均高于女生(Z值分别为-2.020,-6.782,P值均<0.05);超重/肥胖组儿童每天玩计算机游戏时间高于非超重肥胖组儿童,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.074,P=0.002).家庭拥有计算机(连接网络)的儿童BMI-Z评分高于家庭无计算机(连接网络)的儿童(Z=3.240,P=0.001).随着每天玩计算机游戏时间的增加,儿童BMI-Z评分升高(r=-0.048,P=0.002).结论 儿童BMI与家庭是否拥有连接网络的计算机及每天玩计算机游戏时间有相关性.不同类型学校儿童及不同性别儿童电子产品使用时间有差异,在进行儿童健康生活方式干预工作时,应考虑到性别及学校类型特点.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the association among screen-based media ownership,screen time and body mass index (BMI) among children,and to provide a scientific basis for developing family strategies to reduce sedentary behavior in children.Methods All the 9 260 subjects were recruited from grade 1-5 in 29 primary schools in 5 urban districts of Guangzhou by multistage stratified random cluster sampling method for physical examination,and their parents were offered with questionnaires.The screen-based media possession rate and screen time were compared between different subgroups.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between screen time and BMI-Z-score among children.Results Possession rates of television set,video/DVD player,computer without internet access,computer with internet access were 96.22%,69.21%,33.01% and 76.19%,respectively.The rates of the 4 video products in families in public school were all higher than those in private school family(x2 =174.280,312.444,53.918,644.181,P<0.01).The median of TV time and computer game time were 1.60 h and 0.50 h,respectively.The TV time and computer game time of private school pupils were higher than those among public school children(Z=14.802,6.852,P<0.01),boys spent more time on watching TV and playing computer games than girls(Z=-2.020,-6.782,P <0.05);children in overweight/obesity subgroup spent more time on playing computer games than those in non-overweight subgroup(Z=3.074,P=0.002).BMI-Z-scores of children who owned computer with intemet access household were higher than those had no computer(Z =3.240,P =0.001).And BMI-Z-score increased with increasing time of computer game(r =-0.048,P =0.002).Conclusion Household screen-based media possession rate and the time of playing computer game among children were both associated with BMI-Z-score.Screen time is different between subgroups.Gender and types of school should be considered in the intervention of healthy lifestyle of children.
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