摘要:
了解潍坊市青春期儿童情绪障碍的流行现状,探讨影响情绪障碍发生的家庭因素,为改善儿童心理健康状况提供参考.方法 在2016年5-9月期间随机抽取潍坊市小学、初中、高中各2所,以问卷的形式调查在校青春期儿童,将确诊为情绪障碍的90名儿童为观察组,无情绪障碍的345名健康儿童为对照组,分析引起儿童青春期情绪障碍的家庭危险因素.结果 潍坊市青春期儿童情绪障碍检出率为20.6%,平均年龄为(12.38±3.58)岁,以青春期早期(11~14岁)多见(66.67%).观察组女童青春期早期、后期(15~18岁)的躯体化/惊恐、社交恐怖、抑郁总分均高于男童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析显示,个人健康状况、父母陪伴时间、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、父母关系、教育方式均是青春期情绪障碍发生的影响因素(OR值分别为0.387,0.671,0.338,0.262,0.549,0.471,P值均<0.05).结论 青春期儿童是情绪障碍的高发人群,尤其以青春期早期和女童多见.加强关注青春期的心理卫生,营造良好的家庭氛围,以有效避免青春期的情绪障碍.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the prevalence of emotional problems in adolescents,and to explore possible family characteristics.Methods Questionnaire survey was carried out among students randomly selected from primary and middle schools in Weifang city from May to Sept.in 2016.Emotional problems were assessed and family characteristics were compared between 90 adolescents with emotional disorder and 345 healthy adolescents.Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.Results The incidence rate of the emotional problems among adolescents in Weifang city was 20.6%,the average age was (12.38±3.58) years old.Emotional problems was more common in early adolescence and girls.General health status,parenting time,parental education level,parental relation,parental style were associated factors for emotional problems in adolescents(P<0.05).Conclusion Adolescents are vulnerable population of emotional problems,especially during early adolescence and among girls.Positive parenting style and family atmosphere might protect adolescents from emotional problems.
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