摘要:
了解大学生非自杀性自伤的流行情况及其危险因素,为非自杀性自伤行为的防控提供理论依据.方法 以南昌大学二~三年级在校本科生为研究对象,通过自编调查问卷、父母教养方式量表、青少年亚健康多维评定问卷、青少年生活事件量表、渥太华自伤调查表,收集3 854名大学生的信息进行分析.结果 大学生非自杀性自伤行为的检出率为10.2% (393/3 854).大学生自伤行为采用较多的是“用力咬自己”(52.9%)、“抠或抓自己”(52.9%)、“用力拔扯自己的头发”(42.0%).其中“用力咬自己”女生报告率高于男生,“把头浸/埋在水中使自己窒息”“滥用药物”“食用不能吃的东西”“用力拔扯自己头发”“用烟头/火或热水烫伤自己”男生报告率均高于女生(P值均<0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,“童年期虐待”(OR=3.493)、“小的过失父母也惩罚我”(OR=1.995)、“在别人面前唠叨我做过的事,使我感到难堪”(0R=1.835)、“非亲生母亲”(哑变量P=O.009)、“遭父母打骂”(OR=1.651)、“当众丢面子”(OR=1.602)、“经常有想摔东西的冲动”(OR=1.601)、“考试失败成绩不理想”(OR=1.553)、“常常感到紧张”(OR=1.527)为大学生非自杀性自伤的主要危险因素(P值均<0.05).大学生的非自杀性自伤行为与自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂等自杀相关行为存在统计学关联,其OR值(95%CI)分别为6.596(4.915~ 8.850),7.769 (4.521 ~ 13.353),5.683(2.956~10.927).结论 大学生非自杀性自伤行为的检出率较高,应予以重视;并根据主要危险因素制定预防措施.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of non-suicidal self-injury among undergraduate students.Methods A total of 3 854 undergraduates in Nanchang were investigated by self-designed questionnaire,including memories of parental rearing practices in childhood,multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents,adolescent life events scale,and Ottawa self-injury scale.Results Among the 3 854 undergraduate students,393 (10.2%) were diagnosed as NSSI-positive.The most common forms of self-injury behavior included "bite force yourself"(52.9%),"pick or scratching themselves" (52.9%),"pulled his hair"(42.0%),with significant sex differences.More female students reported "bite force yourself",while male reported more on "stifled his immersionuried his head in the water","excessive or careless use of drugs","swallow or drink can't eat".Logistic regression analysis showed childhood maltreatment(OR =3.493),punished due to mistakes(OR =1.995),"nagging what I did in front of others made me feel embarrassed" (OR=1.835),non-biological mother,physical abuse(OR=1.651),being disgraced(OR=1.602),impulse to throw things(OR =1.601),academic failure(OR =1.553),often feel nervous (OR =1.527) were main risk factors for NSSI among undergraduates students.The NSSI behaviors of college students were statistically correlated with their suicidal ideation,suicidal plan and suicidal attempt.The OR values were 6.596(95%CI=4.915-8.850),7.769 95%CI=4.521-13.353) and 5.683 (95%CI=2.956-10.927).Conclusion Non-suicidal self-injury behavior is prevalent among undergraduate students which warrants further concern.
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