摘要:
了解邯郸城乡小学生身体形态、体成分、骨密度现状,为指导小学生合理营养膳食提供参考.方法 使用身高计、电子秤、围度尺、韩国InBody 570体成分分析仪、韩国Osteopro超声骨密度仪,对邯郸市实验小学、曙光小学和邯郸市下属县管辖的乡镇孔村小学、刘村小学、潘村小学的916名12岁小学生进行身体形态、体成分和骨密度测定.结果 身体形态指标城市男女生的平均身高(男154.73 cm,女154.56 cm)、体重(男45.34 kg,女43.07 kg)、胸围(男74.18 cm,女73.04 cm)均高于乡村同性别学生的身高(男150.31 cm,女151.17 cm)、体重(男42.08 kg,女40.80 kg)、胸围(男70.37cm,女70.52 cm)(P值均<0.01),腰围城市女生(63.51 cm)低于乡村学生(65.28 cm) (P<0.05),城市男生(66.85 cm)腰围略高于乡村学生(66.52 cm) (P>0.05).体成分指标城市男女生的平均蛋白质(男6.54 kg,女4.81 kg)、矿物质(男2.14kg,女1.88 kg)、体脂肪含量(男9.75 kg,女11.44kg)、体脂肪百分比(男21.50%,女26.56%)均高于乡村同性别学生(P值均<0.01),城市男女生的水分(男24.05kg,女21.51 kg)、骨骼肌含量(男15.82 kg,女13.26 kg)、骨骼肌百分比(男34.89%,女30.78%)低于乡村同性别学生(P值均<0.01).骨密度指标城市男女生的平均骨质疏松指数(男54.17,女56.46)、超声速度(男1 374.51m/s,女1 386.72m/s)、Z值(男1.48,女1.59)均高于乡村同性别学生(P值均<0.01).结论 乡村学生与城市学生相比,生长发育相对迟缓.
关键词:
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身体成分 /
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骨密度 /
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生长和发育 /
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学生
Abstract:
Objective To understand the current situation and differences of body shape,body composition and bone mineral density in urban and rural primary school students,and to provide references for instructing them to have a rational diet.Methods Body composition and bone mineral density were measured by Body Composition Test Instrument (DF830,Japan) and South Korea Osteopro ultrasound bone densitometer,the body circumference were measured with the height gauge and tape,etc.The objects included 916 primary school students aged 12 from Handan Experimental Primary School,Shuguang Primary School,and the three affliated primary schools,namely,Kongcun Primary School,Liucun Primary School and Pancun Primary School.Results In term of the morphological index,the average index of height(male:154.73 vs 150.31 cm;female:154.56 vs 151.17 cm),weight (malc:45.34 vs 42.08 kg;female:43.07 vs 40.80 kg) and chest circumference(male:74.18 vs 70.37 cm;female:73.04 vs 70.52 cm) of urban male and female students were significantly higher than those of rural students (P<0.01),waist circumference of urban female students was significandy lower than that of rural students (63.51 vs 65.28 cm,P<0.05),waist circumference of urban boys was slightly higher than that of rural students (66.85 vs 66.52 cm,P>0.05);In the term of the body composition index,protein (male:6.54 vs 5.07 kg;female:4.81 vs 3.57 kg),minerals(male:2.14 vs 1.32 kg;female:1.88 vs 1.19 kg),body fat(male:9.75 vs 8.05 kg;female:11.44 vs 10.09 kg),fat ratio(male:21.50% vs19.13%;female:26.56% vs 24.73%) of urban male and female students were significantly higher than those of rural students(P<0.01),water content(male:24.05 vs 26.46 kg;female:21.51 vs 23.78 kg),skeletal muscle(male:15.82 vs 17.48 kg;female:13.26 vs 15.37 kg),skeletal muscle ratio(male:34.89% vs 41.53%;female:30.78% vs 37.67%) were significantly lower(P<0.01);In the term of the bone density index,OI(male:54.17 vs 51.31;female:56.46 vs 52.81),SOS(male:1 374.51 vs 1 366.42 m/s;female:1 386.72 vs 1 371.13 m/s),Z values(male:1.48 vs 1.17;female:1.59 vs 1.16) of urban male and female students were significantly higher than those of rural students(P<0.01).Conclusion Compared with urban students,rural students are relatively slow in their growth and development.
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