摘要:
比较两岸大学生心理疾病公众污名现状及其责任归因模型,为有效改善大学生心理健康水平提供参考.方法 采用问卷法,对从云南大学、昆明学院和中央大学、中原大学中分层抽取的326名大陆大学生与362名台湾大学生进行调查.结果 两地大学生心理疾病熟悉度得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).两岸大学生心理疾病公众污名在责任归因、害怕、生气、同情和帮助维度上差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.746,3.179,2.899,3.583,6.250,P值均<0.01).两岸大学生的心理疾病公众污名责任归因模型拟合度均较好(大陆地区模型参数:x2/df=1.617,GFI=0.994,NFI=0.979,CFI=0.992,RMSEA=0.044,CN=477.000;台湾地区模型参数:x2/df=1.881,GFI=0.997,NFI=0.996,CFI=0.998,RMSEA=0.049,CN=575.000).两岸大学生的心理疾病公众污名均可通过责任归因模型予以解释,但大陆大学生对心理疾病的责任归因既能直接影响行为,也能以情绪情感体验为中介间接影响行为;台湾大学生对心理疾病的责任归因只能以情绪情感体验为中介间接影响行为.结论 与台湾大学生相比,昆明大学生更倾向于将责任归因于心理疾病患者,对患者更害怕、更生气,更不同情,也更少愿意帮助.两岸大学生的心理疾病公众污名责任归因模型存在差异.
Abstract:
Objective To compare attitude towards mental illness public stigma between university students in mainland China and Taiwan,and to provide references for mental illness destigmatization.Methods A cross strait survey was conducted among 326 university students in mainland China and 362 university students in Taiwan.Results There were significant differences between university students in mainland China and Taiwan in responsibility attribution,fear,anger,sympathy and help dimensions of mental illness public stigma(t =5.746,3.179,2.899,3.583,6.250,P<0.01).The responsibility attribution model of both mainland China and Taiwan fit well (model parameter of mainland China:x2/df=1.617,GFI=0.994,NFI=0.979,CFI=0.992,RMSEA =0.044,CN =477.000);model parameter of Taiwan:x2/df=1.881,GFI =0.997,NFI =0.996,CFI =0.998,RMSEA =0.049,CN=575.000).Conclusion Comparing with university students in Taiwan,university students in mainland China tend to attribute responsibility to mental illness patients,and with more fear,more anger,less sympathy,as well as less help to mental illness patients.There is difference of responsibility attribution model for mental illness stigma between students in mailland China and Taiwan.
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