Abstract: Objective To understand the health risk behaviors status and influence factors among middle school students in rural areas of Waling mountainous,and to provide reference for making intervention.Methods A survey on health risk behaviors among 1 091 hierarchically and randomly selected middle school students in rural areas about such items as lack of physical exercises,unsafe place to swim non-reporting,suicidal ideation,smoking,drinking,and internet addiction.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of health risk behaviors.Results The report rate of lack of physical exercise,non-secure place for swimming,dietary bias,current smoking,current drinking,psychological dependence,suicidal ideation reported rates were 70.49%,64.62%,26.86%,21.81%,26.76%,15.58% and 18.24 %,respectively;Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students were more prone to dietary bias,psychological dependence,while non-high school students were likely to happen non-secure place for swimming,suicidal ideation.Girls were prone to dietary bias,lack of physical exercise,suicidal ideation,boys smoking easily occur,psychological dependence,non-secure place for swimming.Only children was the risk factor of dietary bias(OR=1.55),loneliness was the risk factor of dietary bias(OR=1.70),non-secure place for swimming(OR=1.45),suicidal ideation(OR=1.54) psychological dependence was the risk factor of dietary bias(OR =1.71),suicidal ideation(OR =1.87).Conclusion All these results prominently reveal that there are serious problems among middle school students in rural areas and schools should carry out relevant health education as early as possible.