Abstract: Objective The incidence of tuberculosis and related factors were studied to provide the guidelines for TB prevention and control in school.Methods 2006-2009 four-year freshman of Hebei Economy Management School were divided into negative group,positive group and strong positive group,according to the PPD test results.All the students were observed for 3 years,and the incidence of tuberculosis was analyzed during the period.Results There were a total of 8 414 students,the positive rate and strong positive rate were significant differences between 4 grades,as following:2006 session 39.0%,12.1%;2007 session 33.6%,7.6%;2008 session 46.4%,11.2%;2009 session 50.4%,13.0%.Positive rate and strong positive rate were different in different gender,and the positive rate of female was higher than that of male.The positive rate of urban origin students was 47.2% higher than that of rural,and the strong positive rate of them both were 10.9%.The accumulation of 25 242 person years was observed in this subject.A total of 37 TB patients were found,and the incidence rate was 146.6/105.The incidence of negative group,positive group and strong positive group were significantly different,and the incidence rate was positively correlated with the strong positive rate (r=1,P<0.01).In addition,the study also found that the source of strong positive group in rural incidence rate was far higher than that in city (x2 =5.319,P=0.021).Conclusion Young students with high risk of tuberculosis infection,especially students with strong positive PPD test,should be as the focus of concern,given appropriate interventions to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.