摘要:
了解粤西大学生心血管病流行特征,为防治青年学生心血管病提供参考依据.方法 随机抽取粤西3所高校,整群抽取2013-2015年级全体在校学生共45 160名,使用卫生部统一制定的学生健康检查用表,按照初筛、复查、确诊3段式程序和心血管分类及诊断标准进行心血管病调查.初筛由全科或内科主治及以上医师担任,复查和确诊由三甲医院心内科医师担任.结果 45 160名受检学生中,检出心血管病553例,患病率为1.22%.其中男生为1.55%,女生为1.02%,差异有统计学意义(x2=24.830,P<0.05).城乡学生患病率分别为1.05%,1.31%,农村高于城镇,差异有统计学意义(x2=5.373,P<0.05).在心血管病分类统计中,器质性心脏病160例,患病率为0.35%,差异无统计学意义(x2=1.469,P>0.05).心律失常192例,患病率为0.43%,男、女生分别为0.31%,0.50%,差异有统计学意义(x2=9.503,P<0.05).高血压201例,患病率为0.45%,男、女生分别为0.93%,0.14%,差异有统计学意义(x2=151.969,P<0.05).结论 大学生心血管病常见且对健康危害较大,农村是心血管病预防重点.学校医疗保健机构应加强青少年心血管病筛查、健康管理和干预,引导学生养成健康饮食习惯和生活方式.
Abstract:
Objective This study is aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of cardiovascular disease among college students.Methods By using standardized questionnaire of Student Health Assessment from Chinese Ministry of Health,a random sample of 45 160 college students (school year 2013-2015) from three universities in the western Guangdong area were implemented.Cardiovascular disease screening,review and confirmation and cardiovascular classification were conducted.Results There were 553 cases of cardiovascular disease detected in the whole sample,which was 1.22% in prevalence.No significant gender difference was found (male:1.55%;female:1.02%) (x2 =24.830,P<0.05).The prevalence rate of cardiovascular disease among rural students (1.31%) was significantly higher than that of urban students (1.05%) (x2 =5.373,P<0.05).Among all the cases,160(0.35%) were classified as organic heart disease;192(0.43%) arrhyhmia and 201(0.45%) hypertension.Significant gender differences were found in arrhyhmia (x2 =9.503,P<0.05) and hypertension (x2 =151.969,P<0.05).Conclusion Cardiovascular disease is quite common and harmful to college students,especially for those from rural areas.Results suggest that efforts need to be made to raise awareness about cardiovascular disease among young people.Future educational intervention must address common misconceptions about cardiovascular disease risk.
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