摘要:
探讨体质健康信念在体质量指数(BMI)和锻炼行为关系中的中介调节作用,为促进青少年体质健康提供理论参考.方法 分别抽取北京、济南、贵阳3城市部分初高中学生1 678名为研究对象,进行身高、体重检测以及体质健康信念量表和体育锻炼量表评分.结果 超重组和肥胖组知觉锻炼益处(14.07±0.25,14.24±0.54)、体质评价态度(14.26±0.63,13.72±0.41)、体质强弱与患病易感性(15.12±0.72,14.12±0.61)、知觉疾病与体弱的严重(14.30±0.55,12.88士0.27)、评价结果关注(14.12±0.56,13.76±0.23)、锻炼行为(61.13±0.53,57.74±0.37)均低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).BMI与体质健康信念知觉锻炼益处、体质评价态度、患病易感性、知觉疾病与体弱的严重、评价结果关注均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.195,-0.174,-0.163,-0.122,-0.129,P值均<0.01);BMI与锻炼行为呈负相关(r=-0.203,P<0.01),体质健康信念知觉锻炼益处、体质评价态度、患病易感性、知觉疾病与体弱的严重、评价结果关注维度均与锻炼行为呈正相关(r值分别为0.447,0.619,0.407,0.589,0.308,P值均<0.01).体质健康信念对锻炼行为的影响更大,在BMI与锻炼行为的关系中起中介调节作用.结论 随着BMI的增加,体质健康信念和锻炼行为评分减少;体质健康信念比BMI对锻炼行为的影响更大,体质健康信念在BMI与锻炼行为的关系中起中介作用.提高青少年体质健康信念,对促进体育锻炼,增进体质健康有益.
关键词:
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体质 /
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身体锻炼 /
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健康教育 /
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回归分析 /
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学生
Abstract:
Objective To explore the intermediary role of physical health belief in the relationship between BMI and exercise behavior,in order to provide references for the promotion of physical health of teenagers.Methods A total of 1 678 middle and high school students in Beijing,Jinan and Guiyang were selected as the research subjects to test their height and weight,and the Physical Health Belief Scale and the Physical Exercise Scale were carried out to collect the scores.Results In the overweight and obese group,the score of perceived exercise benefits (14.07±0.25,14.24±0.54),attitude toward physical fitness evaluation (14.26±0.63,13.72±0.41),physique and disease susceptibility (15.12±0.72,14.12±0.61),seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness (14.30± 0.55,12.88±0.27),attention to the results of evaluation(14.12±0.56,13.76±0.23),exercise (61.13± 0.53,57.74±0.37) were lower than those of the normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).BMI was negatively related to perceived exercise benefits,attitude toward physical fitness evaluation,physique and disease susceptibility,seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness,attention to the results of evaluation(r =-0.195,-0.174,-0.163,-0.122,-0.129,-0.203,P<0.01),and negatively correlated to exercies(r=-0.203,P<0.01).Moreover,perceived exercise benefits,attitude toward physical fitness evaluation,physique and disease susceptibility,seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness,attention to the results of evaluation were positively related to exercise(r=0.447,0.619,0.407,0.589,0.308,P<0.01).The influence of the health belief on the exercise behavior was greater,the relationship between the BMI and the exercise behavior was mediated by the physical health belief.Conclusion With the increase of BMI index,the scores of health belief and exercise behavior decreased;physical health belief made greater effect on exercise behavior than BMI,and physical health belief played an intermediary role in the relationshrip between BMI and exercise behavior.It can improve the health belief of teenagers to promote their physical fitness and enhance physical health.
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