摘要:
了解北京市中小学生体育锻炼相关知识、态度及行为,为学校落实体育锻炼制度、加强体育健康教育提供依据.方法 采用多阶段整群抽样方法,从北京市4个区县中选取16所学校,对小学三~五年级、初中一~二年级共6 421名中小学生进行体育锻炼相关知识、态度、行为问卷调查.结果 中小学生体育锻炼相关健康知识总知晓率为53.55%,初中(58.36%)高于小学(50.62%),郊区(56.98%)高于城区(47.87%),差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为435.520,603.140,P值均<0.05);中小学生愿意每天进行lh体育锻炼活动的报告率为49.49%,喜欢上体育课和体育活动课的报告率为75.11%,喜欢上课间操的报告率为60.36%;中小学生每天在校锻炼时间≥lh的报告率为58.78%,课间10min能够到户外进行活动的报告率为8.72%,家庭体育锻炼能够达到≥5次/周的报告率为32.38%.结论 北京市中小学生体育锻炼相关知识、意愿欠佳,自主体育锻炼行为及家庭体育锻炼情况严重不足,体育健康教育亟待加强.
Abstract:
Objective To understand knowledge,attitude and behavior of physical exercise among primary and middle school students in Beijing,in order to guide the schools to carry out specific physical exercise intervention.Methods A total of 6 421 students of grade 3-5 and grade 7-8 from 16 primary and middle schools in Dongcheng,Xicheng,Changping,Fangshan districts in Beijing were selected by using multi-stage clustering sampling and investigated with questionnaire survey.Results Overall awareness on physical exercise was 53.55%,with students in junior school (58.36%) and suburb area (56.98%) higher than primary school (50.62%) and urban areas (47.87%),differences were statistically significant.The report rate of willing to take physical exercise for one hour per day was 49.49%,75.11% of students were favorite of physical education class,and 60.36% were favorite of exercises during the break.About 58.78% of students reported physical activity for at least 1 hour per day,only 8.72% students spent their break time outside doing exercise or relaxing,32.38% students claimed had physical exercise at home more than 5 times a week.Conclusion The primary and middle school students lack of physical exercise basic knowledge and physical exercise at home and school.School health education on exercise needs to be strengthened.
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