摘要:
探讨上海市中小学校无尘板书教具对教学过程和教师健康的影响,为指导学校配备教具、保护师生健康提供参考和依据.方法 分层整群抽取徐汇、长宁、普陀和杨浦区11所使用无尘板书教具的中小学校590名授课教师和4所使用传统板书教具的中小学校234名授课教师进行问卷调查,分析各类板书教具的使用效果.结果 无尘组中分别有52.7%,51.6%和59.7%的教师认为无尘板书教具的书写效果、擦拭效果和使用方便程度均优于传统板书教具,有34.3%的教师认为无尘板书教具日常维护较传统板书教具繁琐;与传统板书教具相比,使用无尘板书教具后粉笔产生量降低,教师上呼吸道不舒适感和30 d内上呼吸道刺激症状自报比例降低,差异均有统计学意义(X2值分别为212.59,187.57和5.52,P值均<0.05);3类无尘板书教具对健康的影响比较中,白板水笔使用效果相对最佳,吸尘板擦使用效果相对较差,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 无尘板书教具比传统板书教具更有利于教学活动,且对教师健康影响小于传统板书教具,应予以推广.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the influence of dust-free teaching aids on teaching procedure and teachers' health in middle and primary schools in Shanghai.Methods Survey was conducted in Xuhui,Changning,Putuo and Yangpu district.Faceto-face interviews were completed for 590 teachers from 11 schools with dust-free teaching aids and 234 teachers from 4 schools with traditional teaching aids.Effectiveness of each type of teaching resources was analyzed.Results Writing behavior of teachers was not differ in two groups of teaching resources(P>0.05).Totally,about 52.7%,51.6% and 59.7% of teachers believed that dust-free teaching aids was better in writing,cleanness and convenience than traditional teaching aids,respectively.However,34.3% of teachers thought that maintenance of dust-free teaching aids was much more complicated than traditional ones.Compared with teachers using traditional teaching aids,teachers using dust-free teaching aids reported significantly less discomfort and 30-days irritation symptoms of upper respiratory tract (X2 =212.59,187.57,P<0.05).Among three types of dust-free teaching aids,white board was better than dust-free eraser.Conclusion Dust-free teaching aids should be promoted,as they are more beneficial for teaching and had minimum adverse effect on teachers' health compared with the traditional ones.
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