摘要:
了解托幼机构预防性消毒效果合格率是否存在周期规律,为托幼机构卫生管理决策提供科学依据.方法 按采样时间录入北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心2007-2014年托幼机构消毒效果监测数据,采用X2检验或精确概率法比较不同时间周期内(周、气候、取暖)玩具和小毛巾等常规监测项目消毒效果的差异.结果 水龙头每周一、二、三、四的消毒合格率分别为68.93%,78.26%,85.81%和83.65%,差异有统计学意义(X2=12.18,P=0.007).小毛巾冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为98.28%,100%,96.53%和93.26%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004);玩具冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为99.33%,98.67%,90.82%和98.18%,差异有统计学意义(X2=32.21,P<0.01);水龙头冬春夏秋的消毒合格率为79.57%,89.74%,72.58%和78.32%,差异有统计学意义(X2=11.41,p=0.010);桌面冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为97.50%,95.38%,82.93%和97.67%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003).玩具、水龙头、桌面夏季的消毒合格率较其他季节低,小毛巾秋季的消毒合格率较其他季节低.小毛巾非取暖季和取暖季的消毒合格率分别为96.21%和100%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.030);玩具非取暖季和取暖季的消毒合格率分别为95.44%和99.30%,差异有统计学意义(X2=4.68,P=0.030),两者均为取暖季的合格率高.结论 托幼机构预防性消毒效果存在一些时间周期规律,成因较复杂,需重新审视、优化和细化托幼机构的预防性消毒策略和措施.
Abstract:
Objective To explore periodic regularities on efficacy of preventive disinfection in kindergartens,and to provide a scientific basis for health management in kindergartens.Methods Monitoring data on preventive disinfection in kindergartens from 2007 to 2014 were collected by Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention and were analyzed to explore the differences of disinfection efficacy of routine monitoring item (such as small towels,toys) between various time intervals (week,season,warmed period and non-warmed period) by chi-square test or exact probability method.Results The qualified rates of disinfection of taps in Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday and Thursday were 68.93%,78.26%,85.81% and 83.65%,respectively,with statistical difference(X2 =12.18,P=0.007).The qualified rates of disinfection of small towels in winter,spring,summer and autumn were 98.28%,100%,96.53% and 93.26%,respectively,with statistical difference(P =0.004);the qualified rates of disinfection of toys in winter,spring,summer and autumn were 99.33%,98.67%,90.82% and 98.18%,respectively,with significant difference(X2=32.21,P<0.01);the qualified rates of disinfection of taps in winter,spring,summer and autumn were 79.57%,89.74%,72.58% and 78.32%,respectively,with statistical difference(X2=11.41,P=0.010);the qualified rates of disinfection of desks in winter,spring,summer and autumn were 97.50%,95.38%,82.93% and 97.67%,with statistical difference(P=0.003).The qualified rate was lowest in summer compared with other seasons for small towels,toys and desks,while was lowest in autumn for taps.The qualified rates of disinfection of small towels in warmed period (96.21%) was lower than non-warmed period(100%) (P=0.030),and the qualified rates of disinfection of small toys in warmed period (95.44%) was statistical lower than 99.30% in non-warmed period(X2=4.68,P=0.030).Conclusion There are periodic regularities of efficacy of preventive disinfection in kindergartens due to the complicated factors.Specific strategies and measures should be taken to improve the preventive disinfection for kindergartens.
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