摘要:
探讨兰州市0~6岁儿童尿液阳性检测结果影响因素,为儿童期慢性肾病的早期防治提供依据.方法 整群抽取兰州市城关区10所托幼机构学龄前儿童,留取晨尿样本进行尿液常规检测,并进行体格检查和问卷调查,分析儿童生理特征、饮食状况、环境暴露及父母病史等因素与尿液检测结果的关联.结果 前5位尿检测阳性结果依次为尿维生素C阳性421例(41.32%),尿白细胞阳性75例(7.36%),尿胆原阳性67例(6.58%),尿酮体阳性61例(5.99%),尿隐血阳性56例(5.50%).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,含铅食品的摄入使得尿隐血阳性检出率增高(OR=5.04,95%CI=1.26 ~ 20.25);男童较女童尿白细胞阳性检出率低(OR=0.10,95%CI=0.05~0.22);<1岁组与4~6岁组相比尿维生素C阳性检出率低(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06~0.42),2~3岁组与4~6岁组相比尿维生素C阳性检出率低(OR=0.70,95%CI=0.54~0.91);父母均有肾脏病史的儿童较父母均无肾脏病史的儿童尿维生素C阳性检出率高(OR=2.50,95%CI=1.58~3.97);男童较女童尿酮体阳性检出率高(OR=2.72,95%CI=1.40~ 5.29),BMI高者尿酮体阳性检出率高(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.01~1.17).结论 儿童的生理状况、饮食以及家族肾脏病史可能导致尿液异常.儿童应尽可能避免含铅食品的摄人、合理摄入营养素、保持适宜体重,关注女童泌尿系统的易感性对父母均有肾脏病史的儿童积极筛查尿液.
关键词:
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尿 /
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白细胞 /
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酮体类 /
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维生素类 /
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儿童
Abstract:
Objective To explore the influencing factors of abnormal results in term of urine experimental detection indexes among 0-6 years old children,to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney diseases.Methods Children who provided urine samples were sampled by cluster sampling from 10 childcare facilities in Chenguan district in Lanzhou city in 2014.The association were analyzed among Urinalysis,physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted,the effects of children' own physics,diet,environmental exposure factors,and disease histories of parents on abnormal situation of urine.Results 1 019 Urine samples were tested,which came from 582 boys(57.11%)and 437 girls(42.89%),the first five abnormal results of urinalysis included positive urine vitamin C 421 cases (41.32%),75 cases (7.36%) of positive urine leucocyte,67 cases (6.58%) of positive urobilinogen,61 cases (5.99%) of,positive urine ketonebod 56 cases (5.50%) of hematuria.The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the intake of leaded food resulted in an increased positive rate of hematuria (OR=5.04,95%CI=1.26-20.25),the positive rate of urine leucocyte of boys is lower than that of girls(OR =0.10,CI=0.05-0.22);positive rate of urine vitamin C was lower in <1 years old group than that in 4-6 years old group (OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06-0.42),positive rate of urine vitamin C was lower in 2-3years old group than that in 4-6 years old group(OR=0.70,95%CI=0.54-0.91),positive rate of urine vitamin C of children whose parents were with some kidney disease was higher than children whose parents were without any kidney disease(OR=2.50,95%CI=1.58-3.97),positive rate of urine ketone body was higher in boys than that in girls (OR=2.72,95%CI=1.40-5.29),the higher positive rate of urine ketone body is associated with the higher BMI (OR =1.09,95%CI=1.01-1.17).No influential factors were found for the positive rate of urobilinogen.Conclusion The physical condition,diet and family history of kidney disease of children will lead to the abnormal urine.Children should try to avoid leaded food intake,susceptibility of urinary system of girls should be paid more attention to,reasonable intake of nutrients and appropriate weight should be advocated,actively screening urine should be conducted among children with family history of kidney disease especially.
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