国内外儿童青少年膳食指南及学校午餐制度分析

江乐; 刘洋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024206

国内外儿童青少年膳食指南及学校午餐制度分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024206

江乐,
刘洋^,

中国医科大学健康科学研究院，辽宁沈阳 110122

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 72174208

详细信息

作者简介:
江乐(2001-)，女，安徽芜湖人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童肥胖发病机制与防控

通讯作者:
刘洋，E-mail: yliu0568@cmu.edu.cn

利益冲突 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R153.2 R155.1 R193
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- 文章访问数: 124
- HTML全文浏览量: 47
- PDF下载量: 38
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-19
- 修回日期: 2024-07-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-25

Comparative analysis of the dietary guidelines for children and adolescents and the school lunch system at home and abroad

JIANG Le,
LIU Yang^,

Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang (110122), Liaoning Province, China

摘要

摘要: 由于社会经济发展水平、地理环境、食物供给、饮食习惯等因素的不同，国内外儿童青少年膳食指南和学校午餐制度存在一定差异。文章结合日本、美国、英国、瑞典、澳大利亚儿童青少年营养午餐制度的成功经验，针对中国学校午餐制度的情况，提出相关建议，旨在为制定科学可行的营养午餐制度提供参考和依据。
- 膳食 /
- 指南 /
- 营养政策 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Due to the differences in the level of socio-economic development, geographic environment, food supply, eating habits and other factors, dietary guidelines for children and adolescents and the school lunch system varied significantly across different countries. The article combines the successful experiences of nutrition lunch systems for children and adolescents in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden and Australia, then gives suggestions for school lunch system in China, aiming to provide reference and basis for the development of a scientific and feasible nutritious lunch system.
- Diet /
- Guidebooks /
- Nutrition policy /
- Child /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 国内外学校午餐制度比较

Table 1. Comparison of school lunch systems in China and abroad

国家	配餐依据	午餐价格	供餐方式	饮食教育	校园不健康食品的监管
日本	《学校供餐法》	午餐价格为市场价的1/3~1/2，贫困生免费	地区设立“给食中心”学校厨房供餐	开展实践型食育活动，设饮食营养教师制	学生在学校只能食用根据午餐计划提供的饭食
美国	《国家学校午餐法》	学校午餐价格为非盈利性低收入家庭午餐价格减免	地区设立中心食堂、学校厨房供餐、购买外包餐饮服务	“可食校园计划”开展从农场到餐桌的食育课堂	自动售货机禁售巧克力、奶酪块、软糖等不健康食品
英国	《英国校餐标准》	一至三年级的学生午餐免费	政府直供、外包餐饮服务、自营食堂、学校自行购买外包餐饮服务	“厨房菜园计划”提倡学校拥有自己的菜地，学习种植、加工、烹饪食物	学校小卖部和贩卖机禁止出售碳酸饮料、巧克力和薯片等不健康食品
瑞典	《教育法》《环境学校的特征》	小学到高中的午餐费用都由政府支付	学校提供自助午餐，学生按需取餐	午餐教学作为学校教育的一部分	学校快餐店在午餐时间关闭
澳大利亚	《国家健康学校食堂计划》	无统一规定	不强制学生在校就餐，学生可自带午餐	“厨房菜园食农计划”将农场、果园和厨房融入校园生活	红绿灯分级系统严格限制红色类食品和饮料
中国	《学生营养餐指南：WS/T 554—2017》	无统一规定	学校厨房统一供餐，学校提供自助午餐	举办食品安全课题和宣讲	尚未进行监管和限制

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