幼儿屏前静态行为与大肌肉动作发展的关系

杨少文; 李阳; 贾敏楠

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.023

幼儿屏前静态行为与大肌肉动作发展的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.023

1.
包头职业技术学院体育教研部, 内蒙古 014035
2.
兰州大学体育教研部
3.
包头市科技少年宫

基金项目:

2019年内蒙古自治区教育科学研究"十三五"规划课题项目 NGJGH2019331

详细信息

作者简介:
杨少文(1982-), 男, 陕西宝鸡人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康与促进

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G804.49
计量
- 文章访问数: 626
- HTML全文浏览量: 285
- PDF下载量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-01
- 修回日期: 2021-09-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-25

Relationship between screen time and gross motor development among preschool children

1.
Department of Physical Education, Baotou Vocational & Technical College, Baotou(014035), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨幼儿屏前静态行为与大肌肉动作发展的关系, 为提高幼儿健康水平提供科学依据。方法于2021年3月采用分层随机整群抽样方法选取内蒙古包头市5所幼儿园373名幼儿进行大肌肉动作发展(TGMD)测试, 通过幼儿家长代理问卷采集屏前静态行为时间(screen time, ST)。采用配对样本t检验比较工作日与周末时间段屏前时间, 采用独立样本t检验比较不同性别幼儿动作发展差异。结果幼儿工作日ST为(52.10±31.67)min/d, 周末为(65.79±10.36)min/d。不同性别幼儿大肌肉动作总分和移动性动作得分, 差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.35, 2.65, P值均 < 0.05)。工作日和周末屏前总时间与大肌肉动作、移动性动作和操作性动作相关均有统计学意义(r=-0.22~-0.20, P值均 < 0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示, 周末和工作日看电视时间以及工作日玩手机时间是影响大肌肉动作发展的主要因素(P值均 < 0.05)。结论幼儿屏前静态行为与大肌肉动作发展呈负相关。减少看电视和玩手机时间, 对提高幼儿大肌肉动作发展水平有重要意义。
- 注视, 眼 /
- 行为 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between screen time and gross motor development and to provide scientific basis for health promotion among preschool children. Methods In March 2021, gross motor of 373 children from 5 kindergartens in Baotou was tested by Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD). Screen time (ST) was collected by parental questionnaire. Paired t-test was used to compare the screen time between working days and weekends, and independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences of children's motor development between different sexes. Results ST of children was (52.10±31.67) min/d during the week and (65.79±10.36) min/d during the weekend. There were significant differences in the total scores of gross motor and mobile motor of children in different sexes(t=2.35, 2.65, P < 0.05). The correlation between total screen time and gross motor, mobile motor and operant motor was statistically significant (r=-0.22--0.20, P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that the time spent watching TV and the time spent using mobile phones during the week were the main factors affecting the gross motor development. Conclusion There is a significant negative correlation between children's screen time and gross motor development. It is important to reduce the time spent on TV and mobile phone to improve childhood gross motor development. Fixation, ocular; Behavior; Growth and development; Regression analysis; Child
- Fixation, ocular /
- Behavior /
- Growth and development /
- Regression analysis /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 幼儿大肌肉动作发展与屏前静态行为相关系数(r值, n=373)

Table 1. Relationship between the gross motor development and screen time for young children(r, n=373)

时间	变量	屏前总时间	看电视时间	看电脑/ 平板时间	玩手机时间	其他屏前时间
工作日	大肌肉动作	-0.20^**	-0.21^**	-0.05	-0.15^**	-0.04
	移动性动作	-0.20^**	-0.16^**	-0.07	-0.15^**	-0.05
	操作性动作	-0.13^**	-0.19^**	-0.00	-0.09	-0.01
周末	大肌肉动作	-0.22^**	-0.26^**	-0.09^*	-0.12^*	-0.16^**
	移动性动作	-0.21^**	-0.20^**	-0.10	-0.13^*	-0.17^**
	操作性动作	-0.15^**	-0.22^**	-0.05	-0.06	-0.10
注：P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 幼儿大肌肉动作与屏前静坐行为时间的多元线性回归分析(n=373)

Table 2. Multiple regression analysis of the gross motor development and screen time(n=373)

常量与自变量	B值	标准差	β值	t值	P值
常量	60.66	1.26		48.04	< 0.01
周末看电视时间	-0.11	0.03	-0.02	-4.02	< 0.01
工作日看电视时间	-0.10	0.04	-0.12	-2.27	0.02
工作日玩手机时间	-0.08	0.04	-0.10	-2.00	< 0.05

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(25)

[1]	Sedentary Behaviour Research Network. Letter to the editor: standardized use of the terms "sedentary" and "sedentary behaviours"[J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2012, 37(3): 540-542. doi: 10.1139/h2012-024
[2]	叶孙岳. 静态行为流行病学研究进展[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2016, 32(3): 402-405. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201603041.htm YE S Y. Sedentary behavior epidemiology: a review[J]. Chin J Health Public, 2016, 32(3): 402-405. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201603041.htm
[3]	仇大勇, 张燕, 张宏建, 等. 中学生静态行为与体质水平关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(7): 987-990. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.07.008 QIU D Y, ZHANG Y, ZHANG H J, et al. Sedentary behaviors and physical fitness among middle school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(7): 987-990. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.07.008
[4]	王楠, 吴旭龙, 丁子尧, 等. 学龄儿童青少年闲暇视屏时间与超重肥胖的相关性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(11): 1604-1606, 1610. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.11.002 WANG N, WU Y L, DING Z Y, et al. Sedentary behavior and its association with obesity among school-aged children[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(11): 1604-1606, 1610. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.11.002
[5]	HAMER M, STAMATAKIS E, MISHRA G. Psychological distress, television viewing, and physical activity in children aged 4 to 12 years[J]. Pediatrics, 2009, 123(5): 1263-1268. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1523
[6]	HARDY L L, BOOTH M L, OKELY A D. The reliability of the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire(ASAQ)[J]. Prev Med, 2007, 45(1): 71-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.03.014
[7]	ULRICH D A. The Test of Gross Motor Development-3(TGMD-3): administration, scoring, International Norms[J]. J Sport Sci, 2013, 24(2): 27-33.
[8]	宁科. 幼儿大肌肉动作发展特征及教学指导策略研究. 北京: 北京体育大学, 2017. NING K. The research on characteristics and teaching strategies of gross motor development in preschool children. Beijing: Beijing Sports University, 2017.
[9]	马晓然, 蔡玉军, 陈思同, 等. 3~6岁幼儿基本动作技能与静态行为的关系[J]. 体育学刊, 2019, 26(4): 123-128. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYXK201904020.htm MA X R, CAI Y J, CHEN S T, et al. Relationships between the basic movement skills and sedentary behaviors of children aged 3-6[J]. J Phys Educ, 2019, 26(4): 123-128. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYXK201904020.htm
[10]	刘伟佳, 熊莉华, 林蓉, 等. 广州市城区小学生静态行为与运动素质的关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(1): 42-44, 47. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.01.013 LIU W J, XIONG L H, LIN R, et al. Correlation between sedentary behaviors and motor constitution among primary school students in Guangzhou urban area[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(1): 42-44, 47. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.01.013
[11]	北京体育大学, 首都儿科研究所, 国家体育总局体育科学研究所. 学龄前儿童(3~6岁)运动指南(专家共识版)[Z]. 2018. Beijing Sport University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Sports Science Research Institute of the State Sports General Administration of the RPC. Preschool children (3-6 years old) exercise Guide(Expert Consensus Edition)[Z]. 2018.
[12]	YOLANDA R C, JENNY R, DIMITRI C, et al. AAP Council on communication and media. children and Adolescents and Digital Media[J]. Pediatrics, 2016, 138(5): e20162593. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-2593
[13]	Canadian Paediatric Society, Digital Health Task Force. Screen time and young children: promoting health and development in a digital world[J]. Paediatr Child Health, 2017, 22(8): 461-468. doi: 10.1093/pch/pxx123
[14]	WEBSTER E K, MARTIN C K, STAIANO A E. Fundamental motor skills, screen-time, and physical activity in preschoolers[J]. J Sport Health Sci, 2019, 8(2): 114-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.11.006
[15]	VINER R, DAVIE M, FIRTH A. The health impacts of screen time: a guide for clinicians and parents[J]. Royal Coll Paediatr Child Health, 2019: 1-11.
[16]	MARK S T, RACHEL C, TRAVIS J S, et al. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle[J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2010, 35(6): 725-740. doi: 10.1139/H10-079
[17]	GRACIA M L, REY J P, SANTALIESTRA A M, et al. Sedentary behaviours and its association with bone mass in adolescents: the HELENA cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health, 2012, 12: 971. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-971
[18]	VICENTE R G, ORTEGA F B, REY L J P, et al. Extracurricular physical activity participation modifies the association between high TV viewing and low bone mass[J]. Bone, 2009, 45(5): 925-930. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.07.084
[19]	GU X L. Fundamental motor skill, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in socioeconomically disadvantaged kindergarteners[J]. Psychol Health Med, 2016, 21(7): 871-881. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2015.1125007
[20]	方慧, 陈佩杰. 国外学前儿童体力活动研究进展与述评[J]. 体育与科学, 2016, 37(3): 34-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYYK201603007.htm FANG H, CHEN P J. Foreign research progress and review on preschool children's physical activity[J]. Sport Sci, 2016, 37(3): 34-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYYK201603007.htm
[21]	王文. 上海市青少年静态行为现状及其与睡眠和健康的关联. 上海: 复旦大学, 2013. WANG W. An epidemiology study of adolescent sedentary behavior and its relationship with sleeping and health status in shanghai. Shanghai: Fudan University, 2013.
[22]	吴静涛, 胡军. 阿坝州不同民族中学生静态行为与超重肥胖的关联[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(5): 776-779, 784. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.032 WU J T, HU J. Relationship between sedentary behavior with overweight and obesity among middle school students of different nationalities in Aba Prefecture[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(5): 776-779, 784. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.032
[23]	LEUNG M M, AGARONOV A, GRYTSENKO K, et al. Intervening to reduce sedentary behaviors and childhood obesity among school-age youth: a systematic review of randomized trials[J]. J Obes, 2012, 2012: 685430. http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cf54/f0b5eaaa029d3d8ad719e3b99cef252af7c5.pdf
[24]	STIGLIC N, VINER R M. Effects of screen time on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: a systematic review of reviews[J]. BMJ Open 2019, 9(1): e023191. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023191
[25]	SOPHIE D M. Clinical and psychological effects of excessive screen time on children[J]. J Paediatr Child Health, 2017, 53(4): 333-338. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13462