北京市朝阳区2014—2020年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种情况

石倩; 贾滨; 刘方; 李臻; 魏蕊

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.032

北京市朝阳区2014—2020年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种情况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.032

北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科，100021

详细信息

作者简介:
石倩(1987-)，女，山西天镇人，硕士，主管医师，主要从事免疫规划工作

通讯作者:
贾滨，E-mail：cyqwjwcdcjb@bjchy.gov.cn

中图分类号: R179 G478 R186
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- 文章访问数: 632
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- PDF下载量: 33
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-10
- 修回日期: 2021-06-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Analysis of vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District, Beijing from 2014 to 2020

Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing(100021), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解北京市朝阳区入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种情况，为评价及管理预防接种查验工作提供参考。方法查阅朝阳区2014—2020年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种资料，对查验数据进行统计学分析。结果 2014—2020年，朝阳区共有5 886所托幼机构和中小学校开展入托入学儿童预防接种证查验工作，覆盖率为100%；累计查验入托入学儿童605 675名，查验率100%。朝阳区入托入学儿童平均持证率为99.35%，各年间儿童持证率在99.29%~99.97%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=3 389.80，P < 0.01)，总体逐年升高。不同机构、户籍儿童持证率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为1 276.81，1 476.78，P值均 < 0.01)。不同分类入托入学儿童补证率均为100%。朝阳区入托入学儿童8种国家免疫规划疫苗累计补种71 875剂次，平均补种率99.71%，补种率逐年上升，差异有统计学意义(χ²=414.10，P < 0.01)，2017年以后疫苗补种率均达到100%。8种国家免疫规划疫苗补种剂次逐年减少，补种剂次排在前3位的疫苗分别是麻风腮疫苗、流脑疫苗和白破疫苗。结论朝阳区入托入学儿童预防接种证查验工作日益完善，儿童持证率、补证率、疫苗补种率均维持在较高水平。
- 接种 /
- 免疫接种规划 /
- 组织和管理 /
- 儿童保健服务
Abstract: Objective To understand the situation relating to vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District. Methods The data on vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District from 2014 to 2020 were reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2020, a total of 5 886 kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Chaoyang District inspected the vaccination certificates of children entering kindergarten and school, and the coverage rate of inspection was 100%. A total of 605 675 children were inspected, and the coverage rate of inspection was 100%. The average certificate holding rate of children was 99.35%. The certificate holding rate of children in each year was between 99.29% and 99.97%, the difference was statistically significant (χ²=3 389.80, P < 0.01), and an overall increasing trend was observed. There were statistically significant differences in children's certificate holding rates among different institutions (χ²=1 276.81, P < 0.01) and different household registrations (χ²=1 476.78, P < 0.01). The certificate replenishment rate for children entering kindergarten and school was 100%. As part of the national immunization plan, eight types of vaccines have been supplemented with 71 875 doses in total, with an average supplement rate of 99.71%. The vaccine supplement rate has been increasing annually, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=414.10, P < 0.01). After 2017, the vaccine supplement rate reached 100%. In respect to the eight national immunization program vaccines, the number of replenishing doses has been decreasing annually. In the case of replenishing doses, the top three vaccines were MMR vaccine, MPSV vaccine and DT vaccine. Conclusion The work carried out as part of vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District has continued to improve. The children's certificate holding rate, the certificate replenishment rate, and the vaccine supplement rate are maintained at a high level.
- Vaccination /
- Immunization programs /
- Organization and administration /
- Child health services

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表 1 北京市朝阳区2014—2020年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验基本情况

Table 1. Basic situation of the vaccination certificate inspection for children entering in kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District, Beijing, 2014-2020

年度	查验机构数				查验人数
年度	托幼	小学	初中	小计	托幼	小学	初中	小计
2014	576	211	94	881	41 719	29 743	14 682	86 144
2015	581	210	94	885	43 540	28 404	13 694	85 638
2016	556	210	100	866	39 873	28 442	13 041	81 356
2017	552	214	106	872	46 746	28 171	15 237	90 154
2018	509	213	105	827	38 785	31 396	13 768	83 949
2019	496	205	101	802	38 832	30 801	16 647	86 280
2020	447	201	105	753	40 903	33 340	17 911	92 154
合计	3 717	1 464	705	5 886	290 398	210 297	104 980	605 675

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表 2 不同组别入托入学儿童预防接种证持有率比较

Table 2. Status of vaccination certificate holding for children entering in kindergarten and school in different categories

组别	选项	查验人数	持证人数	χ²值	P值
年份	2014	86 144	84 745(98.38)	3 389.80	< 0.01
	2015	85 638	84 236(98.36)
	2016	81 356	80 778(99.29)
	2017	90 154	89 849(99.66)
	2018	83 949	83 794(99.82)
	2019	86 280	86 207(99.92)
	2020	92 154	92 126(99.97)
机构类型	托幼	290 398	289 591(99.72)	1 276.81	< 0.01
	小学	210 297	208 019(98.92)
	初中	104 980	104 125(99.19)
户籍	本市	357 475	356 332(99.68)	1 476.78	< 0.01
	外省	248 200	245 403(98.87)
合计		605 675	601 735(99.35)
注： ()内数字为持证率/%。

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表 3 不同组别入托入学儿童2014—2020年疫苗补种率比较

Table 3. Status of vaccine supplement for children entering in kindergarten and school in different categories

组别	选项	2014年		2015年		2016年		2017年
组别	选项	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次
机构	托幼	4 597	4 589(99.83)	3 766	3 737(99.23)	2 849	2 829(99.30)	3 295	3 295(100.00)
类型	小学	13 212	13 206(99.95)	5 869	5 794(98.72)	5 888	5 869(99.68)	3 403	3 403(100.00)
	初中	5 691	5 691(100.00)	3 693	3 652(98.89)	2 416	2 402(99.42)	2 356	2 356(100.00)
户籍	本市	7 327	7 322(99.93)	4 600	4 540(98.70)	4 014	4 001(99.68)	4 071	4 071(100.00)
	外省	16 173	16 164(99.94)	8 728	8 643(99.03)	7 139	7 099(99.44)	4 983	4 983(100.00)
疫苗	乙肝	1 632	1 631(99.94)	737	724(98.24)	617	616(99.84)	332	332(100.00)
	脊灰	2 867	2 867(100.00)	1 555	1 554(99.94)	1 158	1 154(99.65)	1 147	1 147(100.00)
	百白破	288	287(99.65)	202	198(98.02)	99	97(97.98)	120	120(100.00)
	白破	5 354	5 354(100.00)	1 961	1 924(98.11)	1 975	1 971(99.80)	1 345	1 345(100.00)
	麻风腮	5 753	5 749(99.93)	3 606	3 570(99.00)	3 076	3 064(99.61)	2 244	2 244(100.00)
	流脑	3 780	3 775(99.87)	2 871	2 835(98.75)	2 401	2 389(99.50)	2 180	2 180(100.00)
	乙脑	1 598	1 597(99.94)	1 052	1 049(99.71)	788	783(99.37)	876	876(100.00)
	甲肝	2 228	2 226(99.91)	1 344	1 329(98.88)	1 039	1 026(98.75)	810	810(100.00)
合计		23 500	23 486(99.94)	13 328	13 183(98.91)	11 153	11 100(99.52)	9 054	9 054(100.00)

组别	选项	2018年		2019年		2020年		合计
组别	选项	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次	应补剂次	实补剂次
机构	托幼	1 863	1 863(100.00)	1 138	1 138(100.00)	1 111	1 111(100.00)	18 619	18 562(99.69)
类型	小学	3 250	3 250(100.00)	1 919	1 919(100.00)	2 179	2 179(100.00)	35 720	35 620(99.72)
	初中	1 577	1 577(100.00)	1 054	1 054(100.00)	961	961(100.00)	17 748	17 693(99.69)
户籍	本市	3 410	3 410(100.00)	2 270	2 270(100.00)	2 411	2 411(100.00)	28 103	28 025(99.72)
	外省	3 280	3 280(100.00)	1 841	1 841(100.00)	1 840	1 840(100.00)	43 984	43 850(99.70)
疫苗	乙肝	249	249(100.00)	61	61(100.00)	336	336(100.00)	3 964	3 949(99.62)
	脊灰	965	965(100.00)	421	421(100.00)	423	423(100.00)	8 536	8 531(99.94)
	百白破	52	52(100.00)	37	37(100.00)	41	41(100.00)	839	832(99.17)
	白破	1 256	1 256(100.00)	713	713(100.00)	877	877(100.00)	13 481	13 440(99.70)
	麻风腮	1 727	1 727(100.00)	1 112	1 112(100.00)	1 155	1 155(100.00)	18 673	18 621(99.72)
	流脑	1 501	1 501(100.00)	1 181	1 181(100.00)	931	931(100.00)	14 845	14 792(99.64)
	乙脑	472	472(100.00)	302	302(100.00)	273	273(100.00)	5 361	5 352(99.83)
	甲肝	468	468(100.00)	284	284(100.00)	215	215(100.00)	6 388	6 358(99.53)
合计		6 690	6 690(100.00)	4 111	4 111(100.00)	4 251	4 251(100.00)	72 087	71 875(99.71)
注： ()内数字为补种率/%。

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