河北省儿童青少年在外就餐相关因素及与超重肥胖的关系

田美娜; 李红; 牛蓓; 张翠; 赵永丽; 苗润晓; 刘长青

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.031

河北省儿童青少年在外就餐相关因素及与超重肥胖的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.031

1.
河北省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所，石家庄 050021
2.
廊坊市疾病预防控制中心

基金项目:

河北省卫生健康委科研基金项目 20190143

详细信息

作者简介:
田美娜(1978-)，女，河北唐山人，博士，主任技师，主要研究方向为营养与食品安全

通讯作者:
刘长青，E-mail：lcq93@126.com

中图分类号: R723.14 R179 R151
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-21
- 修回日期: 2021-04-07
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Prevalence of eating out and its association with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hebei Province

1.
Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang (050021), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析河北省6~17岁儿童青少年在外就餐现状及其与超重肥胖的关系，为指导儿童青少年建立健康的饮食习惯和遏制肥胖流行趋势提供参考。方法调查数据来自2016—2017年中国儿童与乳母营养健康状况监测，通过问卷调查和体格检查收集河北省12个监测点3 330名6~17岁儿童青少年最近1周的就餐情况、家庭基本情况和体检信息等资料。采用多因素Logistic逐步回归的方法，对调查对象在外就餐情况，在外就餐影响因素及与超重肥胖的关系进行分析。结果河北省6~17岁儿童青少年在外就餐率为16.19%，超重肥胖率为29.43%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，年龄较大(初中生：OR=1.36，高中生OR=3.57，P值均＜0.05)和家庭人均收入高的儿童青少年(1~＜2万元：OR=1.48，≥2万元：OR=2.93，P值均＜0.05)在外就餐的可能性更高；居住地为农村(OR=0.20)、非独生子女(OR=0.76)、走读生(OR=0.21)以及主要抚养人为老人的儿童青少年(OR=0.69)在外就餐的可能性更低(P值均＜0.05)。在外就餐与超重肥胖风险增高存在统计学关联(OR=1.31，P＜0.01)。结论河北省6~17岁儿童青少年在外就餐现象较为普遍。居住地、年龄段、人均年收入、是否为独生子女、是否住校、主要抚养人是在外就餐的相关因素，在外就餐可能会增加儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险。
- 饮食习惯 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of eating out among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province, and to explore the association between eating out and overweight/obesity. Methods Data came from Children and Nurse Nutrition Health Monitoring of China during 2016-2017. Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measures was conducted among 3 330 children aged 6-17 in 12 survey sites. Multivariate Logistics stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of eating out and the relationship between eating out and overweight/obesity. Results The proportion of eating out was 16.19%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was 29.43%. Multivariate analysis showed that the older children (junior high school students: OR=1.36; high school students: OR=3.57, both P < 0.05) and adolescents from high-income families (10 000~ < 20 000 CNY: OR=1.48; ≥20 000 CNY: OR=2.93, both P < 0.05) were more likely to eat out. Children and adolescents living in rural areas (OR=0.20, P < 0.01), non-only-child (OR=0.76, P=0.02), day school students (OR=0.21, P < 0.01), and the primary caregivers of the elderly (OR=0.69, P=0.03) were less likely to eat out. In addition, eating out was statistically associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity (OR=1.31, P < 0.01). Conclusion Eating out is common among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province. Residency, age, household income, one-child family, boarding and and eating out behaviors of primary caregivers are associated with eating out among children and adolescents. Eating out may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in children.
- Food habits /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Adolescent

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表 1 河北省6~17岁儿童青少年在外就餐单因素分析

Table 1. Single factor analysis of eating out-of-home among children and adolescents in Hebei Province

居住地	选项	人数	在外就餐人员	χ²值	P值
城乡	城市	1 661	458(27.57)	316.78	< 0.01
	农村	1 669	81(4.85)
性别	男	1 662	279(16.79)	0.88	0.37
	女	1 668	260(15.59)
学段	小学	1 856	274(14.76)	19.15	< 0.01
	初中	808	120(14.85)
	高中	666	145(21.77)
主要抚养人	母亲	2 642	455(17.22)	14.12	< 0.01
	父亲	155	27(17.42)
	老人	503	54(10.74)
	其他	30	3(10.00)
家庭人均年收入	＜1	697	64(9.18)	65.84	< 0.01
/万元	1~＜2	591	79(13.37)
	≥2	471	124(26.33)
	不详	1 571	272(17.31)
独生子女	是	747	200(26.77)	79.57	< 0.01
	否	2 583	339(13.12)
是否住校	是	2 197	466(21.21)	120.17	< 0.01
	否	1 133	73(6.44)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 河北省儿童青少年在外就餐相关因素的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=3 330)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the influencing factors of eating out-of-home among children and adolescents in Hebei Province (n=3 330)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
居住地	城市					1.00
	农村	-1.62	0.14	126.93	＜0.01	0.20(0.15~0.26)
学段	小学					1.00
	初中	0.31	0.13	5.49	0.02	1.36(1.05~1.76)
	高中	1.27	0.16	60.34	＜0.01	3.57(2.59~4.93)
主要抚养人	母亲					1.00
	父亲	-0.24	0.24	1.02	0.31	0.79(0.49~1.26)
	老人	-0.37	0.17	4.98	0.03	0.69(0.50~0.96)
	其他	-0.57	0.64	0.79	0.37	0.57(0.16~1.98)
家庭人均年收入	＜1					1.00
/万元	1~ < 2	0.39	0.19	4.40	0.04	1.48(1.03~2.14)
	≥2	1.08	0.18	34.57	＜0.01	2.93(2.05~4.20)
	不详	0.70	0.15	20.14	＜0.01	2.00(1.48~2.72)
独生子女	是					1.00
	否	-0.27	0.12	5.37	0.02	0.76(0.61~0.96)
是否住校	是					1.00
	否	-1.57	0.18	76.89	＜0.01	0.21(0.15~0.30)

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