珠海市有性行为大学生HIV检测情况及相关因素

林铠浩; 周毅; 严瑶; 戴文灿; 刘亚薇; 李晓凤; 黄珊子; 姚刚; 杜曼; 杨翌; 江洪波

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.029

珠海市有性行为大学生HIV检测情况及相关因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.029

1.
广东药科大学公共卫生学院，广州 510310
2.
珠海市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防制所

基金项目:

广东省医学科研基金项目 A2020509

国家自然科学基金项目 81703282

详细信息

作者简介:
林铠浩(1994-)，男，广东汕头人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为疾病预防与控制

通讯作者:
江洪波，E-mail：hongbojiang3@163.com

中图分类号: R512.91 R647.9
计量
- 文章访问数: 712
- HTML全文浏览量: 332
- PDF下载量: 41
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-22
- 修回日期: 2021-04-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV testing uptake among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City

1.
School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510310), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解珠海市有性行为大学生人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测的情况及影响因素，为制定HIV检测策略、提高大学生HIV检测率提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法，于2019年11—12月对珠海市6所高校本科和大专12 235名在校学生进行匿名电子问卷调查，筛选出有性行为史学生1 789名，通过χ²检验和非条件Logistic回归模型分析有性行为大学生HIV检测的影响因素。结果 1 789名大学生中，HIV检测率为7.55%(135名)，主要通过医院(71.85%)检测，检测原因主要为定期检测(50.37%)和了解自己的感染状况(23.70%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，在有性行为的大学生中，性取向为同性恋者(OR=4.62，95%CI=1.07~19.95)、近1年有异性商业性行为者(OR=3.77，95%CI=1.96~7.26)更有可能进行HIV检测；女生(OR=0.41，95%CI=0.24~0.69)进行HIV检测的可能性较低。结论珠海市有性行为的大学生HIV检测的比例较低，建议在加强HIV检测宣传教育、增强学生HIV检测意识时，考虑性别、性取向及商业性行为等因素的影响，开展针对性的干预措施，提高检测的覆盖率。
- 性行为 /
- HIV /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing and associated factors among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City. Methods From November to December, 2019, an anonymous electronic questionnaire was administered among 12 235 students in six colleges and universities in Zhuhai City by multistage sampling. A total of 1 789 college students ever had sex were selected. Pearson's Chi-square test and non-conditional Logistic regression model were applied to analyze the factors associated with uptake of HIV testing. Results Among these students ever had sex, 7.55% (135/1 789) had been tested for HIV mainly through hospitals (71.85%). The main reasons for testing were regular testing (50.37%) and intending to know their infection status (23.70%). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that homosexual individuals (OR=4.62, 95%CI=1.07-19.95) and those who had heterosexual commercial sex in the past year (OR=3.77, 95%CI=1.96-7.26) were more likely to test for HIV, while female (OR=0.41, 95%CI=0.24-0.69) were less likely to test for HIV. Conclusion The proportion of HIV testing was low among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City. Interventions should be tailored including strengthening the HIV testing propaganda education and enhancing students' awareness of HIV testing, and the influencing factors such as gender, sexual orientation and commercial sexual behavior should be taken into consideration, so as to improve the HIV testing coverage of this population.
- Sexual behavior /
- HIV /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

HTML全文

表 1 珠海市不同特征有过性行为的大学生HIV检测率比较

Table 1. Comparison of HIV testing among sexual active college students with different characteristics in Zhuhai City

变量	选项	人数	HIV检测人数	χ²值	P值	变量	选项	人数	HIV检测人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 059	107(10.10)	24.34	< 0.01	近1年是否使用过毒品	否	1 753	125(7.13)	18.70	< 0.01
	女	730	28(3.84)				是	36	10(27.78)
年级	大一	310	21(6.77)	2.83	0.42	性取向	异性恋	1 500	96(6.40)	-	< 0.01^a
	大二	503	46(9.15)				同性恋	55	20(36.36)
	大三	633	43(6.79)				双性恋	185	16(8.65)
	大四和大五	333	23(6.91)				不确定	49	3(6.12)
专业类别	非医学类	1 758	131(7.45)	0.63	0.43	寻找性伴的途径	线上	416	47(11.30)	9.48	0.01
	医学类	31	4(12.90)				线下	579	34(5.87)
户籍	城市	1 303	102(7.83)	0.55	0.46		均有	435	38(8.74)
	农村	486	33(6.79)			首次性行为是否使用	否或记不清	467	39(8.35)	0.59	0.44
是否为住宿生	是	1 734	130(7.50)	0.03	0.86	安全套	是	1 322	96(7.26)
	否	55	5(9.09)			近1年是否有固定性伴侣	否	237	17(7.17)	0.08	0.78
每月可支配费用/元	0~1 999	488	39(7.99)	5.62	0.06		是	1 116	86(7.71)
	2 000~3 999	1 076	71(6.60)			近1年是否有临时性行为	否	1 067	61(5.72)	25.79	< 0.01
	≥4 000	225	25(11.11)				是	286	42(14.69)
是否接受过艾滋病相关知识	否	145	8(5.52)	0.93	0.34	近1年是否有异性商业性行为	否	1 265	77(6.09)	64.38	< 0.01
	是	1 644	127(7.73)				是	88	26(29.55)
是否知晓艾滋病知识	否	311	23(7.40)	0.01	0.91	近1年发生性行为前是否饮酒	否	928	69(7.44)	2.72	0.10
	是	1 478	112(7.58)				是	502	50(9.96)
近1年是否曾因喝酒太多而	否	1 284	95(7.40)	0.14	0.71	近1年发生性行为前是否使用	否	1 400	111(7.93)	11.17	< 0.01
醉酒	是	505	40(7.92)			毒品	是	30	8(26.67)
注：()内数字为检测率/%，部分数据存在缺失值，a为Fisher确切概率检验。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 珠海市有性行为大学生HIV检测多因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 789)

Table 2. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis of HIV testing among sexual active college students in Zhuhai (n=1 789)

变量	选项	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
性别	男		1.00
	女	0.01	0.41(0.24~0.69)
每月可支配费用/元	0~1 999		1.00
	2 000~3 999	0.74	0.92(0.56~1.50)
	≥4 000	0.58	1.21(0.62~2.35)
性取向	异性恋		1.00
	同性恋	0.04	4.62(1.07~19.95)
	双性恋	0.21	1.62 (0.77~3.39)
	不确定	0.60	1.53(0.32~7.33)
近1年是否使用过毒品	否		1.00
	是	0.29	1.84 (0.60~5.66)
寻找性伴的途径	线上		1.00
	线下	0.55	0.85(0.50~1.44)
	均有	0.38	0.79(0.47~1.34)
近1年是否有临时性行为	否		1.00
	是	0.22	1.41(0.82~2.41)
近1年是否有异性商业性行为	否		1.00
	是	< 0.01	3.77(1.96~7.26)
近1年发生性行为前是否饮酒	否		1.00
	是	0.25	1.29(0.83~2.01)
近1年发生性行为前是否使用	否		1.00
毒品	是	0.19	0.44(0.13~1.50)

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(35)

[1]	吴尊友. 我国学校艾滋病防控形势及策略[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(11): 1604-1605. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201511002 WU Z Y. Situation and strategy of HIV prevention and control in schools in China[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(11): 1604-1605. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201511002
[2]	韩晶, 毛宇嵘, 汤后林, 等. 2013—2017年中国新报告青年学生HIV感染者首次随访及CD4+T淋巴细胞检测情况分析[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2018, 52(12): 1254-1258. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.12.012 HAN J, MAO Y R, TANG H L, et al. Initial follow-up and CD4+T cell count test of newly reported students HIV cases in China, 2013-2017[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2018, 52(12): 1254-1258. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.12.012
[3]	国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 2015年4月10日国家卫生计生委例行新闻发布会文字实录[EB/OL]. [2020-08-07]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3574/201504/bee348723e1343d9b6822366ac16bb25.shtml. National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. Transcript of the regular press conference of the National health and family planning commission on April 10, 2015[EB/OL]. [2020-08-07]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3574/201504/bee348723e1343d9b6822366ac16bb25.shtml.
[4]	杜瑶瑶, 徐慧芳. 我国青年学生艾滋病检测咨询服务利用及影响因素[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2020, 26(2): 225-227. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA202002033.htm DU Y Y, XU H F. Utilization of HIV testing and counseling services and its influencing factors among young students in China[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2020, 26(2): 225-227. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA202002033.htm
[5]	徐园园, 朱正平, 吴苏姝, 等. 南京市2002—2014年青年学生艾滋病疫情特征分析[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2015, 21(10): 893-894. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201510020.htm XU Y Y, ZHU Z P, WU S S, et al. HIV/AIDS epidemic status among young students in Nanjing city during 2002-2014[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2015, 21(10): 893-894. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201510020.htm
[6]	中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心. 全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案(试行)操作手册[EB/OL]. [2009-03-25]. http://ncaids.chinacdc.cn/jb/fzdt/zxdd/200903/t20090325_1188559.htm. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Disease of AIDS Prevention and Control Center. Operation manual of the national AIDS sentinel monitoring (trial) implementation program[EB/OL]. [2009-03-25]. http://ncaids.chinacdc.cn/jb/fzdt/zxdd/200903/t20090325_1188559.htm.
[7]	胡金诺, 严燚, 严敏, 等. 深圳市大学生艾滋病知晓情况与健康教育需求分析[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2018, 22(12): 1300-1302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ201812024.htm HU J N, YAN Y, YAN M, et al. Awareness of AIDS among undergraduates in Shenzhen and demand of health education[J]. Chin J Dis Control Prev, 2018, 22(12): 1300-1302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ201812024.htm
[8]	王香梅. 大学生艾滋病知识知晓与需求情况调查[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2017, 33(4): 674-677. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201704040.htm WANG X M. Awareness of and requirement for knowledge on AIDS among college students in Tianjin city[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2017, 33(4): 674-677. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201704040.htm
[9]	陈云霞, 叶安杰, 李金芳, 等. 艾滋病防控试点学校大学生防艾相关知识和行为现况调查[J]. 中国校医, 2019, 33(3): 178-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201903009.htm CHEN Y X, YE A J, LI J F, et al. Investigation on HIV/AIDS related knowledge and sexual behaviors of college students in pilot colleges[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2019, 33(3): 178-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201903009.htm
[10]	谯燕群. 珠海市大学生健康危险行为现状及影响因素分析[D]. 遵义: 遵义医学院, 2017. QIAO Y Q. Analysis on the prevalence and influence factors of health risk behaviors of university students in Zhuhai, Guangdong[D]. Zunyi: Zunyi Medical University, 2017.
[11]	江洪波, 谭芷敏, 黎静, 等. 广州市男男性行为学生艾滋病检测行为及影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(8): 1200-1202. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.08.021 JIANG H B, TAN Z M, LI J, et al. Prior HIV testing and determinants among student men who have sex with men in Guangzhou[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(8): 1200-1202. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.08.021
[12]	BUHI E R, MARHEFKA S L, HOBAN M T. The State of the union: sexual health disparities in a national sample of US college students[J]. J Am Coll Health, 2010, 58(4): 337-346. doi: 10.1080/07448480903501780
[13]	GLICK S N, MORRIS M, FOXMAN B, et al. A comparison of sexual behavior patterns among men who have sex with men and heterosexual men and women[J]. J Acquir Immun Defic Syndr, 2012, 60(1): 83-90. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318247925e
[14]	靳伟, 程伟彬, 徐慧芳, 等. 广州市部分在校学生MSM的艾滋病危险行为特征分析[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2017, 23(2): 123-125, 131. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201702009.htm JIN W, CHENG W B, XU H F, et al. HIV-related risk behaviors among male students who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2017, 23(2): 123-125, 131. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201702009.htm
[15]	朱璠, 李远骋, 吴静, 等. 青年学生男男性行为者预防艾滋病综合能力及影响因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(10): 1450-1454. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.10.003 ZHU F, LI Y P, WU J, et al. Comprehensive AIDS prevention ability of young students who is men have sex with men and associated factors[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(10): 1450-1454. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.10.003
[16]	韩晶, 李杰, 王克荣, 等. 2019年我国三城市青年学生男男性行为人群HIV非职业暴露后预防用药的知识知晓和服务接受情况及相关因素[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2020, 54(11): 1220-1226. HAN J, LI J, WANG K R, et al. Status and influencing factors of knowledge awareness and service acceptance of HIV non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis of men who have sex with men among college students among three cities of China, 2019[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2020, 54(11): 1220-1226.
[17]	孟琴, 沈智勇, 周信娟, 等. 2010—2014年广西青年学生艾滋病流行特征[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2016, 22(6): 458-459, 467. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201606017.htm MENG Q, SHEN Z Y, ZHOU X J, et al. Characteristics of young students infected with HIV in Guangxi from 2010 to 2014[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2016, 22(6): 458-459. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201606017.htm
[18]	罗艳, 王旭初, 陈珺芳, 等. 杭州市2010—2017年青年学生艾滋病相关流行病学特征分析[J]. 中国预防医学杂志, 2018, 19(11): 808-812. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGYC201811002.htm LUO Y, WANG X C, CHEN J F, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS among young student in Hangzhou in 2010-2017[J]. Chin Prev Med, 2018, 19(11): 808-812. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGYC201811002.htm
[19]	李秀菊, 张莹, 丁琳, 等. 南阳市2008—2015年15~24岁HIV/AIDS病人的流行病学特征[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2017, 23(10): 956-958. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201710026.htm LI X J, ZHANG Y, DING L, et al. HIV epidemic among young people aged 15-24 years in Nanyang city, during 2008-2015[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2017, 23(10): 956-958. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201710026.htm
[20]	彭中, 吴学庆, 刘芳, 等. 成都市大中学生2011—2015年艾滋病流行特征分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(10): 1526-1527, 1531. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.10.025 PENG Z, WU X Q, LIU F, et al. Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic status among students in Chengdu from 2011 to 2015[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(10): 1526-1527, 1531. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.10.025
[21]	丁亮蕾, 林鹏, 李艳, 等. 广州市青年学生主动参加HIV检测情况及影响因素[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2017, 23(6): 517-519, 528. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201706014.htm DING L L, LIN P, LI Y, et al. HIV testing and associated among young students in Guangzhou[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2017, 23(6): 517-519, 528. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201706014.htm
[22]	丁国伟, 汪宁. 女性性工作者高危行为与HIV传播研究进展[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2013, 19(5): 385-387. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201305031.htm DING G W, WANG N. Research progress on relationship of high risk behavior among female sex workers with HIV epidemic[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2013, 19(5): 385-387. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201305031.htm
[23]	于茂河, 龚卉, 江国虹. 中国男性性工作者艾滋病梅毒流行及其特征[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2019, 25(1): 99-104. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201901029.htm YU M H, GONG H, JIANG G H. Prevalence and characteristics of HIV and syphilis among male sex workers in China[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2019, 25(1): 99-104. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201901029.htm
[24]	陈梦清, 程伟彬, 徐慧芳, 等. 广州市大学生对同伴艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务接受意愿及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(2): 203-206. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.014 CHEN M Q, CHENG W B, XU H F, et al. Analysis factors associated with willingness to accept peer HIV voluntary counseling and testing among college students in Guangzhou[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(2): 203-206. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.014
[25]	温萌萌, 朱广荣, 孙霄, 等. 大学生艾滋病抗体检测率检测意向及需求调查[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(3): 432-434. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201503037 WEN M M, ZHU G R, SUN X, et al. Prevalence, intention and needs of HIV testing among college students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(3): 432-434. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201503037
[26]	马迎华. 推进中国青少年学生艾滋病综合防控策略的实施[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(9): 1281-1284. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.09.001 MA Y H. Promote the implementation of comprehensive prevention and control strategies for AIDS among Chinese young students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(9): 1281-1284. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.09.001
[27]	杨桂玲, 姚文清, 姜凤霞, 等. 辽宁省大中专学生艾滋病知识行为及血清学检测结果分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(2): 208-209, 212. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201502013 YANG G L, YAO W Q, JIANG F X, et al. Knowledge and behavior of AIDS and serological analysis among young students in Liaoning Province[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(2): 208-209, 212. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201502013
[28]	农全兴, 岑平, 邓小芳, 等. 南宁市2010—2015年青年学生艾滋病疫情及高危行为特征[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(11): 1682-1684. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.11.023 NONG Q X, CEN P, DENG X F, et al. HIV/AIDS epidemic and high-risky behaviors among youth Nanning during 2010-2015[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(11): 1682-1684. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.11.023
[29]	蒋均, 潘晓红, 杨介者, 等. 浙江省535名有性行为的大学生HIV检测意愿及影响因素研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2016, 37(10): 1356-1360. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.10.008 JIANG J, PAN X H, YANG J Z, et al. Willingness for HIV test and associated factors among 535 college students who had sex in Zhejiang Province[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2016, 37(10): 1356-1360. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.10.008
[30]	蔡畅, 汤后林, 陈方方, 等. 我国2010—2019年新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS基本特征及趋势分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(9): 1455-1459. CAI C, TANG H L, CHEN F F, et al. Characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV infection in young students in China, 2010-2019[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2020, 41(9): 1455-1459.
[31]	MARKS G, CREPAZ N, SENTERFITT J, et al. Meta-analysis of high-risk sexual behavior in persons aware and unaware they are infected with HIV in the United States: implication for HIV prevention programs[J]. J Acquir Immun Defic Syndr, 2005, 39(4): 446-453. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000151079.33935.79
[32]	WATER L, SABIN CA. Late HIV presentation: epidemiology, clinical implications and management[J]. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2011, 9(10): 877-889. doi: 10.1586/eri.11.106
[33]	CHADBORN T R, DELPECH V C, SABIN C A, et al. The late diagnosis and consequent short-term mortality of HIV-infected heterosexuals (England and Wale, 2000-2004)[J]. AIDS, 2006, 20(18): 2371-2379. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32801138f7
[34]	王伟, 张亚丽, 陈素良. 献血人群艾滋病流行状况与控制进展[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2018, 24(9): 961-964. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201809034.htm WANG W, ZHANG Y L, CHEN S L. Review of AIDS epidemic and control in blood donors[J]. Chin J AIDS STD, 2018, 24(9): 961-964. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBYA201809034.htm
[35]	宋文倩, 张丽, 高勇, 等. 全国357家省、市两级采供血机构检测的献血人群HIV检出率调查[J]. 中国输血杂志, 2012, 25(12): 1244-1246. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BLOO201212006.htm SONG W Q, ZHANG L, GAO Y, et al. A nationwide survey of HIV detection rate among blood donors tested by 357 provincial and municipal blood collection and supply institutions[J]. Chin J Blood Trans, 2012, 25(12): 1244-1246. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BLOO201212006.htm