功能性高强度间歇训练结合呼吸饮食对肥胖大学生的干预效果

鲁鑫; 谢波

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.021

功能性高强度间歇训练结合呼吸饮食对肥胖大学生的干预效果

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.021

鲁鑫¹,
谢波²

1.
重庆水利电力职业技术学院通识教育学院，重庆 402160
2.
重庆医科大学附属永川医院全科医学科

基金项目:

重庆市2020年度高等教育教学改革研究重点项目 202152

详细信息

作者简介:
鲁鑫(1983-)，男，重庆万盛人，硕士，副教授，主要从事体医融合与健康促进研究

中图分类号: R723.14G808R446
计量
- 文章访问数: 547
- HTML全文浏览量: 291
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-01
- 修回日期: 2020-10-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-16
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-25

Effect of functional high-intensity interval training combined with inhalation dietary intervention on obese college students

LU Xin¹,
XIE Bo²

1.
General Education College, Chongqing Water Conservancy and Electric Power Vocational and Technical College, Chongqing(402160), China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究观察功能性高强度间歇训练结合呼吸、饮食干预对肥胖大学生身体形态、血脂和肝功能的影响，以期为完善相关干预措施提供参考。方法以重庆电信职业学院公开招募的58名肥胖大学生为研究对象，根据性别、身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)的不同进行功能性高强度间歇训练、呼吸训练和饮食控制干预，研究持续6周。比较干预前后的BMI、体脂率、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)等身体指标的变化情况。结果干预前后，受试者的身体形态指标：男女生的BMI、体脂率均下降(t值分别为7.57，4.40；4.17，5.61，P值均 < 0.01)；男女生TC、TG、LDL-C均呈明显下降趋势，而HDL-C上升(t值分别为7.56，5.80；2.58，4.76；12.26，11.07；3.72，3.37，P值均 < 0.05)；肝功能(男女合并人数)：NAFLD、ALT异常、AST异常、GGT异常均明显减少(P值均 < 0.05)。结论该综合干预方法而言，可以显著降低肥胖大学生体重，能调节改善血脂代谢和肝功能，且干预过程体验较好，可作为肥胖大学生的一个有效减肥途径予以应用和推广。
- 体育和训练 /
- 呼吸锻炼 /
- 饮食习惯 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of functional high-intensity intermittent training combined with breathing and diet intervention on body shape, blood lipid and liver function of obese college students, so as to verify and improve the relevant intervention methods. Methods Fifty-eight obese college students recruited by Chongqing Telecom Vocational College were selected as participants. According to gender and body mass index (BMI), functional high-intensity intermittent training, breathing training and diet control intervention were carried out for 6 weeks. BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and other physical indicators were compared before and after intervention. Results Before and after the intervention, the changes of body indexes were as follows: BMI, body fat percentage of male and female were significantly decreased (t=7.57, 4.40;4.17, 5.61, P < 0.01); TC, TG and LDL-C of male and female were significantly decreased, while HDL-C increased significantly (t=7.56, 5.80;2.58, 4.76;12.26, 11.07;3.72, 3.37, P < 0.05); NAFLD, abnormal ALT, abnormal ast, abnormal GGT were significantly reduced(P < 0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention method can significantly reduce body weight and regulate blood lipid metabolism and liver function in obese college students, and the intervention experience is better. It can be applied and promoted as an effective way to lose weight for obese college students.
- Physical education and training /
- Breathing exercises /
- Food habits /
- Obesity /
- Intervention studies /
- Students

HTML全文

表 1 不同性别学生干预前后身体形态指标比较(x ±s)

Table 1. Comparison of body shape and blood lipid function of students of different genders before and after intervention

性别	干预前后	统计值	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	体脂率/%	TC/(mmol·L^-1)	TG/(mmol·L^-1)	LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)
男(n=31)	干预前		31.77±2.43	37.39±3.97	4.83±0.67	1.30±0.38	3.67±0.43	1.22±0.27
	干预后		27.68±2.21	33.86±3.27	3.76±0.54	1.12±0.19	2.54±0.36	1.49±0.35
		t值	7.57	4.17	7.56	2.58	12.26	3.72
		P值	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00
女(n=27)	干预前		31.24±2.15	35.92±2.84	4.37±0.59	1.21±0.27	3.48±0.40	1.18±0.20
	干预后		28.94±2.03	32.34±2.39	3.59±0.48	0.95±0.15	2.49±0.31	1.41±0.33
		t值	4.40	5.61	5.80	4.76	11.07	3.37
		P值	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 干预前后肥胖大学生肝功能指标异常人数比较

Table 2. Comparison of the number of students with abnormal liver function indexes before and after the intervention

干预前后	人数	NAFLD人数	ALT异常人数	AST异常人数	GGT异常人数
干预前	58	20	13	10	8
干预后	58	7	4	2	1
χ²值		9.99	5.43	5.84	4.84
P值		0.00	0.02	0.02	0.03

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(32)

[1]	王晓峰, 王祥全. 大学生人口身体素质变动及其问题成因分析[J]. 人口学刊, 2018, 40(2): 86-95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RKXK201802007.htm WANG X F, WANG X Q.Analysis on the changes of College Students' physical fitness and the causes of the problems[J]. J Popul, 2018, 40 (2): 86-95 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RKXK201802007.htm
[2]	叶莉, 封飞虎, 李春艳, 等. 运动减肥夏令营对男性肥胖青少年体成分及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2016, 22(2): 198-202. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2016.02.016 YE L, FENG F H, LI C Y, et al. Effects of summer camp on body composition and serum biochemical indexes of male obese adolescents[J]. Chin J Rehabil Theory Pract, 2016, 22(2): 198-202. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2016.02.016
[3]	RACIL G, ZOUHAL H, ELMONTASSAR W, et al. Plyometric exercise combined with high-intensity interval training improves metabolic abnormalities in young obese females more so than interval training alone[J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metabol, 2015, 41(1): 1-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26701117
[4]	中华人民共和国国务院. 关于实施健康中国行动的意见[EB/OL]. [2020-05-10]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm. State Council of the People's Republic of China.Opinions of the State Council on the implementation of healthy China action[EB/OL].[2020-05-10].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm.
[5]	PRADO W L, LOFRANO-PRADO M C, OYAMA L M, et al. Effect of a 12-week low vs. high intensity aerobic exercise training on appetite-regulating hormones in obese adolescents: a randomized exercise intervention study[J]. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 2015, 27(4): 510-517. doi: 10.1123/pes.2015-0018
[6]	吴娜娜, 管延飞, 朱欢, 等. 高住低练对肥胖青少年血浆食欲调节激素的影响[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2015, 31(3): 281-283. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSL201503024.htm WU N N, GUAN Y F, ZHU H, et al. Effect of living high and practicing low on plasma appetite regulating hormone in obese adolescents[J]. Chin J Appl Physiol, 2015, 31(3): 281-283. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSL201503024.htm
[7]	房华玉, 徐建方, 王晓静, 等. 大强度间歇运动对肥胖大鼠骨骼肌AMPK/PGC-1α通路的影响[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2020, 39(2): 124-132. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6710.2020.02.006 FANG H Y, XU J F, WANG X J, et al. Effect of high intensity intermittent exercise on AMPK / PGC-1a pathway in skeletal muscle of obese rats[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2020, 39 (2): 124-132. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6710.2020.02.006
[8]	彭旭, 谌晓安. 高强度间歇训练对肥胖成人身体成分影响的Meta分析[J]. 四川体育科学, 2019, 38(4): 40-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCTK201904010.htm PENG X, CHEN X A. Meta analysis of the effect of high intensity interval training on body composition of obese adults[J]. Sichuan Sports Sci, 2019, 38 (4): 40-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCTK201904010.htm
[9]	廖开放. 上肢HⅡT-战绳训练的运动生物学特征及应用考虑[C]//中国体育科学学会. 第十一届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编. 中国体育科学学会, 2019: 2. LIAO K F.Characteristics and application of upper limb HⅡT battle rope training[C].// Chinese society of Sports Sciences. Collection of abstracts of the 11th National Sports Science Conference. Beijing: Chinese society of Sports Sciences, 2019: 2.
[10]	李洁明. 身体功能训练+饮食干预对肥胖男大学生FMS和体质健康影响的实效性研究[C]//中国体育科学学会. 第十一届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编. 北京: 中国体育科学学会, 2019: 2. LI J M, HONG Y. Research on the effect of body function training and diet intervention on FMS and physical health of obese male college students[C]. China Sports Science Society. Collection of abstracts of the 11th National Sports Science Conference//Beijing: China Sports Science Society, 2019: 2.
[11]	GONTIJO P L, LIMA T P, COSTA T R, et al. Correlation of spirometry with the six-minute walk test in eutrophic and obese individuals[J]. Rev Assoc Med Bras, 2011, 57(4): 380-386. doi: 10.1016/S0104-4230(11)70081-1
[12]	王志丽, 白华, 李亚杰. 饮食与运动相结合的健康管理方案对大学生肥胖者体成分影响的实验研究[C]//中国体育科学学会运动生物力学分会. 第二十届全国运动生物力学学术交流大会论文摘要汇编. 北京: 中国体育科学学会运动生物力学分会, 2018: 2. WANG Z L, BAI H, LI Y J.Experimental study on the effect of health management scheme combining diet and exercise on body composition of college students with obesity[C]// Sports biomechanics branch of Chinese Sports Science Society. Paper of the 20th National Academic Exchange Conference on sports biomechanics Abstract.Beijing: Sports Biomechanics branch of Chinese Sports Science Society, 2018: 2.
[13]	都晨雅, 赵晓光. 饮食速度与体重和慢性病的关系[J]. 卫生研究, 2020, 49(2): 339-344. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202002037.htm DU C Y, ZHAO X G.Relationship between dietary speed and body weight and chronic diseases[J]. Health Res, 2020, 49(2): 339-344. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ202002037.htm
[14]	教育部. 教育部关于印发《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》的通知[EB/OL]. [2020-12-4]. http:/old.moe.gov.cn//publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/s3273/201407/171692.html. Ministry of education. Notice of the Ministry of education on printing and distributing the national student physical health standard (revised in 2014)[EB/OL].[2020-12-4].Http:www.ebgol.com/old.moe.gov.cn//publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/s3273/201407/171692.html.
[15]	王梓霏, 聂予鑫. 基于功能性动作筛查(FMS)的舞蹈艺考生损伤风险共性分析[J]. 北京舞蹈学院学报, 2020(4): 129-133. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2018.2020.04.023 WANG Z F, NIE Y X. Injury risk analysis of dance art candidates based on functional motion screening[J]. J Beijing Dance Academy, 2020(4): 129-133. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2018.2020.04.023
[16]	MICHAEL B. 体育运动中的功能性训练[M]. 张丹玥, 王雄, 译. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 2017. Michael B.functional training in sports[M]. ZHANG D Y, WANG X.Beijing: People's Posts and Telecommunications Press, 2017.
[17]	PATRICK M. 学会呼吸: 重新掌握天生本能[M]. 李相哲, 胡萍, 译. 北京: 中国友谊出版公司, 2019. PATRICK M.learning to breathe: remastering natural instincts[M]. LI X Z, HU P. Beijing: Chin J Friendship Publishing Company, 2019.
[18]	温丽君, 陈云慧. 短期高强度运动配合营养干预对网络成瘾肥胖女大学生的干预效果[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(1): 51-54. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.01.014 WEN L J, CHEN Y H.Effect of short-term high-intensity exercise combine combined with nutritional intervention on obese female college student students with in ternet addiction disorder[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(1): 51-54. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.01.014
[19]	中华医学会肝病分会脂肪肝和酒精性肝病学组. 非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南(2010年修订版)[J]. 中华肝脏病杂志, 2010, 18(3): 163-166. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXQY201207005.htm Fatty liver and alcoholic liver disease group, liver disease branch, Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatme treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2010 Revision)[J]. Chin J Hepatol, 2010, 18(2): 163-166. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXQY201207005.htm
[20]	赵琦, 王兵, 李振方, 等. 肝功能异常对急性胰腺炎病因和病情分级判定的临床意义[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2018, 34(1): 152-156. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.01.031 ZHAO Q, WANG B, LI Z F, et al. The influence of abnormal liver function on the etiology and severity of acute pancreatitis Clinical significance of grade determination[J]. J Clin Hepatobil Dis, 2018, 34(1): 152-156. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.01.031
[21]	SCHLEPPENBACH L N, EZER A B, GRONEMUS S A, et al. Speed-and circuit-based high-intensity interval training on recovery oxygen consumption[J]. Int J Exerc Sci, 2017, 10(7): 942-953.
[22]	SARIS W H, SCHRAUWEN P.Substrate oxidation differences between high- and low-intensity exercise are compensated over 24 hours in obese men[J]. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 2004, 28(6): 759-765. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802631
[23]	ALKAHTANI S A, KING N A, HILLS A P, et al. Effect of interval training intensity on fat oxidation, blood lactate and the rate of perceived exertion in obese men[J]. Springerplus, 2013(2): 532. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-532
[24]	ALKAHTANI S A, BYRNE N M, HILLS A P, et al. Interval trainingintensity affects energy intake compensation in obesemen[J]. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 2014, 24(6): 595-604. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0032
[25]	HEDEN T D, LIU Y, PARK Y M, et al. Walking reduces postprandial insulin secretion in obese adolescents consuming a high—fructose or high-glucose diet[J]. J Phys Act Health, 2015, 12(8): 1153-1162. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2014-0105
[26]	葛晓川, 黄亚茹, 毛小云, 等. 4周运动结合饮食控制对肥胖青少年体脂分布与血脂代谢的影响[J]. 中国运动医学, 2015, 34(10): 994-997. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201510013.htm GE X C, HUANG Y Z, MAO X Y, et al. Effect of 4-week exercise combined with diet control on body fat distribution and lipid metabolism in obese adolescents[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2015, 34(10): 994-997. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX201510013.htm
[27]	贺莹莹, 王文荣. 12周高强度间歇训练对不同基因型载脂蛋白E血脂异常人群的调脂作用[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2019, 35(1): 28-33. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSL201901007.htm HE Y Y, WANG W R. Lipid regulating effect of 12 week high intensity intermittent training on different genotypes of apolipoprotein E dys lipidemia[J]. Chin J Appl Physiol, 2019, 35(1): 28-33. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSL201901007.htm
[28]	张琦豪. 高脂血症患者饮食和运动情况调查[J]. 河南预防医学杂志, 2020, 31(4): 285-287, 325. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNYF202004017.htm ZHANG Q H.Investigation on diet and exercise of patients with hyperlipidemia[J]. Henan J Prev Med, 2020, 31(4): 285-287, 325. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNYF202004017.htm
[29]	刘敏, 冯连世, 王晓慧. 4周有氧运动对肥胖青少年胰岛素抵抗及炎症因子的影响[J]. 上海体育学院学报, 2015, 39(3): 87-89. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STYB201503017.htm LIU M, FENG L S, WANG X H. Effects of 4-week aerobic exercise on insulin resistance and inflammatory factors in obese adolescents[J]. J Shanghai Institut Physic Educ, 2015, 39(3): 87-89. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STYB201503017.htm
[30]	罗超, 李晗冉, 田东华, 等. 体医融合模式下HⅡT干预NAFLD的运动方法与效果评价[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 56(1): 132-140. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BSDZ202001018.htm LUO C, LI H R, TIAN D H, et al. evaluation on the exercise method and effect of HⅡT intervention in NAFLD under the mode of sports medicine integration[J]. J Beijing Normal Univ, 2020, 56(1): 132-140. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BSDZ202001018.htm
[31]	FENG L, ZHUANG J. Effects of 4-week low intensity aerobic exercise with diet control on the body shape, Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)of the obese teenagers[J]. Sport Sci Res, 2014, 38(7): 673-680. http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-TYKA201402012.htm
[32]	GETHING A D, WILLIANS M, DAVIES B.Inspiratory resistive loading improvescycling capacity: a placebo controlled trail[J]. Br J Sports Med, 2004(38): 730-736. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/15562168